The Role of Manganese on Microstructure of High Chromium White Cast Iron

Abstract

<p>To determine the effect of austenite stabilizer element on the microstructure and behaviour of as&ndash;cast high <strong>Cr</strong> white cast iron Fe-21Cr-3Ni-1.7Mo-2.4C, different percentages of Mn (0.4, 0.9, 1.3, 1.7, 2.2 and 2.6 wt%) were added. Detailed investigations were carried out using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis (EDS), X-ray diffraction and hardness test. It showed that with increasing Mn addition, the austenite phase <strong>(&gamma;)</strong> of the as-cast alloys refine clearly. The<strong> </strong>morphology of the<strong> </strong>austenite phase for all alloys is a mixture of dendrite and plate like. The austenite phase refines clearly with increasing manganese addition. The major carbide phase formed in the as- cast alloys is M₇C₃ with minor carbides of (Fe,Cr)₂₃C₆ and Mo₂C. Microstructure analysis showed the presence of small amounts of martensite and delta ferrite in all as-cast alloys. The hardness was decreased continuously with increasing Mn content.&nbsp; This is mainly attributed to the morphology of carbides rather than to small variation in carbides content. It was observed that considerable amounts of Mn were found in the carbides lower than that in the austenite matrix.</p

Color-Metallographic Characterization of Alloyed White Cast Irons Ni-Hard Type

“…Because of this fact, white cast irons found almost no application in industries, being replaced by alloyed cast irons [27]. To this purpose, four main types of Ni-hard alloy were developed [28,29]: Besides, Ni-hard alloys can be modified through the addition of other elements, such as titanium [17], vanadium [30,31], molybdenum [32,33], manganese [34] or boron [35]. Wear resistance is related to the chemical composition and the microstructure of the alloy.…”

Improvement of Impact Toughness and Abrasion Resistance of a 3C-25Cr-0.5Mo Alloy Using a Design of Experiment Statistical Technique: Microstructural Correlations after Heat Treatments

“…The other types of carbides have been found to develop at higher M:C ratios [17]. On the other hand, manganese plays an important role in refining the austenite dendrites, and it has been shown to prevent pearlite formation on cooling [18].…”

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

“…It also has an adverse effect on the cast iron properties by increasing its shrinkage and brittleness. The above-mentioned information shows that there are many data concerning the impact of manganese on the microstructure and properties of cast iron [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. However, there are still literature deficiencies regarding the manganese impact in cast iron with compacted graphite.…”