The effect of tellurite on ATPase activity of the contractile membrane protein in human erythrocytes was studied. Tellurite, even at a concentration of 0.01 mM, inhibited 25 per cent of the saponin-stimulated ATPase activity of the contractile membrane protein; the inhibition increased with increasing tellurite concentration, and was reversible. On the other hand, in erythrocytes preincubated with tellurite, the ATPase activity of the membrane contractile protein, non-stimulated by saponin, increased, and the increase was further enhanced by washing the erythrocytes. The behaviour is analogous to the tellurite effect on erythrocyte morphology: incubation of erythrocytes with tellurite caused morphological changes which were more pronounced after removing the tellurite by washing. The complex effect of tellurite is discussed.