The role of mitochondria in the peri‐implant microenvironment

Abstract

New Findings What is the topic of this review?In this review, we consider the key role of mitochondria in the peri‐implant milieu, including the regulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial metabolism in angiogenesis, the polarization of macrophage immune responses, and bone formation and bone resorption during osseointegration. What advances does it highlight?Mitochondria contribute to the behaviours of peri‐implant cell lines based on metabolic and reactive oxygen species signalling modulations, which will contribute to the research field and the development of new treatment strategies for improving implant success. Abstract Osseointegration is a dynamic biological process in the local microenvironment adjacent to a bone implant, which is crucial for implant performance and success of the implant surgery. Recently, the role of mitochondria in the peri‐implant microenvironment during osseointegration has gained much attention. Mitochondrial regulation has been verified to be essential for cellular events in osseointegration and as a therapeutic target for peri‐implant diseases in the peri‐implant microenvironment. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of the key role of mitochondria in the peri‐implant milieu, including the regulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial metabolism in angiogenesis, the polarization of macrophage immune responses, and bone formation and resorption during osseointegration, which will contribute to the research field and the development of new treatment strategies to improve implant success. In addition, we indicate limitations in our current understanding of the regulation of mitochondria in osseointegration and suggest topics for further study.

Bone formation and mineralization around the implant in osteoporotic animal models enhanced by mesenchymal stem cells

“…28 Afterward, the large volume of woven bone is remodeled and replaced by the lamellar bone around the implant. 29 At that time, the implant was characterized by a thin seam of newly formed bone tissue lining their surface, and spaces of tissue lining their surface, and space of provisional connective tissue could be observed in the compartments between the threads. 11 The most significant challenge for this early stage is obtaining the fixation of the implant.…”

“…The trabecular bone fills the gap between the implant and the host bone. 29 While mechanical fixation is achieved at the cortical bone, avoiding excessive micromotions affecting fibrin tissue and impairing vascularity in the initial bone healing is essential. However, balance in osteoimmune regulation is an important factor for dental implant longevity, including protection from bacterial infection.…”

Silicon Nitride Induces Osteoconduction Via Activated Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation and Neovascularization

“…Cyclophilin D knockout mice, a genetic model of high oxidative metabolism, showed greater osseointegration in the spinal fusion site [34]. The role of implant materials to regulate mitochondrial activity in the peri-implant microenvironment has gained recent attention [35]. In the present study, the functional enrichment analysis of the RNA sequencing data revealed that SiN stimulated the upregulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation-related gene clusters over MTi and ATi materials (Figure 3) whereas osteogenic differentiation-related genes were not modulated by these materials (Figure 2).…”