The Role of Nanomaterials in the Treatment of Diseases and Their Effects on the Immune System

Abstract

Nanotechnology has been widely exploited in recent years in various applications. Different sectors of medicine and treatment have also focused on the use of nanoproducts. One of the areas of interest in the treatment measures is the interaction between nanomaterials and immune system components. Engineered nanomaterials can stimulate the inhibition or enhancement of immune responses and prevent the detection ability of the immune system. Changes in immune function, in addition to the benefits, may also lead to some damage. Therefore, adequate assessment of the novel nanomaterials seems to be necessary before practical use in treatment. However, there is little information on the toxicological and biological effects of nanomaterials, especially on the potential ways of contacting and handling nanomaterials in the body and the body response to these materials. Extensive variation and different properties of nanomaterials have made it much more difficult to access their toxicological effects to the present. The present study aims to raise knowledge about the potential benefits and risks of using the nanomaterials on the immune system to design and safely employ these compounds in therapeutic purposes.

Green Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles Using Satureja hortensis Essential Oil toward Superior Antibacterial/Fungal and Anticancer Performance

“…A vast range of drugs, such as small hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs, vaccines, and biological molecules, can be guided by these nanoparticles (NPs) [ 4 , 5 ]. Nanoparticles are widely used to improve treatment and diagnose diseases [ 6 – 8 ]. Nanoparticles in nanoliposomes, carbon nanotubes, nanofibers, and nanocarriers have been widely used as drug carriers and cell scaffolding [ 9 – 11 ].…”

Induction of Antigen-Specific Tolerance in T Cell Mediated Diseases

“…Moreover, the small size of nanomaterial allows their penetrance into deeper areas of biological systems that are usually inaccessible to larger particles. Thus, due to the different properties of NPs, their application for therapeutic purposes, especially the long-term effect on the immune system, requires further attention and research ( 99 , 100 ).…”

An overview of recent progress in dental applications of zinc oxide nanoparticles

“…Nanotechnology is a rapidly expanding eld with the potential to diagnose and cure diseases. 1 Nanotechnology can be applied to dentistry, known as nanodentistry or nanodontics, to improve prevention, diagnosis, and therapy of oral and dental diseases. 2,3 Many different types of materials are used in dentistry and nanotechnology has signicant potential to improve their properties.…”