The role of natural killer cells and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity during murine cytomegalovirus infection.

Abstract

Definition of the functions by which the cellular immune system contributes to control of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection should permit determination of the specific defects which result in the increased susceptibility to infection of immunosuppressed individuals. Using a murine model, we studied the cytotoxic lymphocyte response to murine CMV infection. This response was found to be biphasic. The initial phase extended from the 3rd to the 6th d after infection, was not genetically restricted, and correlated to a rise in numbers of natural killer (NK) and antibody-dependent killer (K) cells in spleens. The NK- and K-cell responses were preceded, by 24 h, by a rise in serum interferon levels, and occurred before the time when antibody could be measured in serum by neutralization. NK and K cells appear to develop the capacity for specific recognition of CMV-infected cells and the potential to contribute to control of the acute phase of CMV infection.

Pathogenesis of cytomegalovirus-associated pneumonitis in ICR mice: possible involvement of superoxide radicals

“…At 6 days after infection, mice were sacrificed and lungs were removed for the histological examination. The histologic evaluation of lungs was done by counting the number of inflammatory foci b Allopurinol dissolved in 0.2 ml of normal saline was given intraperitoneally every 24 h. Control mice were treated with vehicle (normal saline) in the same manner ° 2000U of SOD dissolved in 0.2ml of normal saline was given intravenously every 12 h. Control mice were treated with vehicle in the same manner d p = 0.051 compared with saline control, n = 7 e p < 0.01 compared with saline control, n = 8 activity in the later period [20,21]. In addition, it has been shown that NK cells are involved in the pathogenesis of MCMV interstitial pneumonitis [22].…”

Cytokine-Stimulated Human Natural Killer Cytotoxicity: Response to Rotavirus-Infected Cells

“…The ability of lymphocytes to destroy virus-infected cells in the absence of antibody-NKC is thought to be an important early immune response to viral infection (12,18,23,29). We and others have documented the enhancement of human NKC by human leukocyte interferon (6, 10, l I, 24, 27).…”

“…Descriptive studies of infant behavior with other adults suggest that infants interact differently with mothers than with fathers (7,22,23) or with strangers (6), although the rhythmic structure of these interactions has not been studied systematically or quantified. With mothers and infants, one of the patterns described has been the build-up and withdrawal of attention.…”

Rapid Conversion of Effector Mechanisms from NK to T Cells during Virus-Induced Lysis of Allogeneic Implants In Vivo

“…During the innate response, NK cells become cytolytically activated by virus-induced type 1 IFN and are induced to proliferate by IL-15 and to synthesize IFN-␥ by IL-12 (23,24). These events occur early during infection, with NK cell activity peaking by day 3 postinfection in most mouse models (25)(26)(27)(28). NK cell numbers can continue to increase moderately thereafter, but their activation state is at a lower level.…”