The role of nuclear hormone receptors in cutaneous wound repair

Abstract

The cutaneous wound repair process involves balancing a dynamic series of events ranging from inflammation, oxidative stress, cell migration, proliferation, survival and differentiation. A complex series of secreted trophic factors, cytokines, surface and intracellular proteins are expressed in a temporospatial manner to restore skin integrity after wounding. Impaired initiation, maintenance or termination of the tissue repair processes can lead to perturbed healing, necrosis, fibrosis or even cancer. Nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs) in the cutaneous environment regulate tissue repair processes such as fibroplasia and angiogenesis. Defects in functional NHRs and their ligands are associated with the clinical phenotypes of chronic non-healing wounds and skin endocrine disorders. The functional relationship between NHRs and skin niche cells such as epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts is pivotal for successful wound closure and permanent repair. The aim of this review is to delineate the cutaneous effects and cross-talk of various nuclear receptors upon injury towards functional tissue restoration. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Environmental Enrichment Induces Pericyte and IgA-Dependent Wound Repair and Lifespan Extension in a Colon Tumor Model

“…GR is a member of a large family of nuclear hormone receptors (NHR), and cross-talk between family members is commonly observed in an array of diverse processes, including tissue development and wound repair (Contreras-Jurado et al, 2014; Rieger et al, 2015). To further define the contribution of the GR and other NHRs, we utilized IPA causal analysis (Kramer et al, 2014) of RNA-Seq data from NE and EE Tcf4 Het/+ Apc Min/+ colons.…”

“…In addition to activation of these NHRs, common inhibitors of the GC pathway including breakpoint cluster region (BCR), 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 2 (HSD11β2), and gamma secretase complex are inhibited (Figure 3A; Table S3B), an activity that would further increase GC signaling. Interestingly, a subset of NHRs also involved in wound repair (Rieger et al, 2015) are activated by EE in the colons of Tcf4 Het/+ Apc Min/+ mice (Figure 3A; Tables S3B and S3D) including; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARα; NR1C1; Figure 2A; (Michalik and Wahli, 2006)), thyroid hormone receptor (THRA; NR1A1; (Bloise et al, 2014; Contreras-Jurado et al, 2014)), oxysterol receptors (Liver X receptor; LXR; NR1H2, NR1H3, NR1H4; (Beyer et al, 2015)) retinoic acid receptors (RARA and RXRA; (Hunt et al, 1969; Rieger et al, 2015)) as well as the nuclear receptor coactivator (NCOA1) involved in co-activation of GR, RXR, THRA and PPAR nuclear hormone receptors (Walsh et al, 2012). This finding suggests that NHRs commonly involved in the wound repair process may play a role in improving the lifespan of EE Tcf4 Het/+ Apc Min/+ male animals.…”

“…The tumor microenvironment is similar to chronic wounding in that hypoxia and reactive oxygen species drive continuous angiogenesis and inflammation that is unable to be resolved, ultimately giving rise to barrier defects and associated tumor expansion (Arnold et al, 2015). In normal tissue, various nuclear hormone receptors (NHR) play an important role in tissue homeostasis and wound repair (Rieger et al, 2015), and are often functionally altered in colorectal cancer (D’Errico and Moschetta, 2008). …”

KANTARON YAĞI VEGFA, VEGFB, VEGFC ve FGF2 GENLERİ ÜZERİNDEN ERKEN DÖNEM KULLANILDIĞINDA YARA İYİLEŞMESİNDE OLUMLU ETKİ GÖSTERMEKTEDİR

“…Platelets change into an amorphous shape, more suitable for clotting, and they release chemical signals to promote clotting. This results in the activation of fibrin, which forms a mesh and acts as "glue" to bind platelets to each other for making a clot 14,15 . In inflammation phase, damaged and dead cells are cleared out, along with bacteria and other pathogens or debris.…”

Comparing the role of subcision suction method with and without the injection of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of depressed scars

“…The process of wound healing is a complicated process whereby the skin repairs itself after injury [1,2] .The wound healing stages are in the order of: (1) inflammation, (2) granulation tissue formation, and (3) matrix remodelling [3] . Scarring leads to a difference in the normal structure and function of the skin, which manifests as a depressed area and with an alteration of skin quality, colour, vascularity, nerve supply and chemical properties [4] .…”