The role of personality, social economic and prevention strategy effects on health-related quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS

Abstract

Background HIV/AIDS has transformed into a chronic controllable but not yet curable infectious disease as other chronic diseases to some extent. The additional of so called fourth 90% that included the improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for people living with HIV (PLWHIV) required solutions beyond antiretroviral therapy and viral load suppression. This study will explore the role of personality, social economic and prevention strategy effection on HRQoL among people living with HIV/AIDS. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among PLWHIV aged more than 16 years old in the 10 municipalities in Yunnan Province, China from October 2019 to May 2020, enrolling total 1997 participants. Individual-level HRQoL data were measured by 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) and EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L). We assembled municipal-level data about social economic from Yunnan Statistical Yearbook in 2020 and strategy practice information from the self-evaluation system. We used the principal component analysis to build the social economic and strategy effect on each area respectively and one-way ANOVA was used to perform univariate analysis to identify the predictors with significant differences. Finally we used multi-level model (MLM) to explore the personality, social economic and strategy effects in health-related quality of life among PLWHIV. Results The global score for quality of life measured using EQ-5D-5L had an estimated mean score (standard deviation, SD) of 0.901 ± 0.146. The HRQoL score measured using PCS-12 had an estimated mean score (SD) of 46.62 ± 8.55. The mean MCS-12 score (SD) was estimated to be 47.80 ± 9.71. The area-level predictors explained a proportion of 13.6–17.2% for the between-area variation of the HRQoL scores, regardless of the total HRQoL, physical component and mental component. The impacts of stigma (P < 0.01), social support (P < 0.001), anxiety (P < 0.001), depression (P < 0.05) and social economic status (P < 0.05) on HRQoL at the individual-level were significantly different. The plots visualized the impact of individual-level factors on a respondent’s HRQoL was modified by the area-level characteristics. Conclusions The study identified the possible strategy determinant of individual HRQoL of PLWHIV and also the area effect on HRQoL. Stigma, social support, anxiety, depression and social economic status were the individual-level determinants on HRQoL. These could be a valuable resource for evaluating the overall health of the areas and help improve local decision making. Graphic abstract

Effect of hepatic steatosis and associated metabolic comorbidities on health‐related quality of life in people living with HIV

“…In line with previous findings, anxiety/depression and pain/discomfort were found to be the most burdensome dimensions in PLWH. [21] Mental well-being often coexists with chronic diseases that need lifelong treatment such as HIV [43] or chronic liver diseases. [44] Popping et al recently found a high prevalence of anxiety/depression in PLWH compared with the general population, especially if patients were >60 years of age.…”

Predictors of an Active Lifestyle in Middle-Aged and Older Adults with HIV in the United States Deep South

“…For example, it is important to know the status of depression in order to improve health-related quality of life. 43 Second, all questionnaires for the current study had been used and validated by previous studies. Therefore, the data generated from these questionnaires were reliable.…”

Quality of Life and Its Association With HIV-Related Stigma Among People Living With HIV in Kerman, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…Our estimate for the level of QoL (52.5) was lower than estimates for QoL among PLHIV in other studies (e.g., in Ghana (71), Nepal (80), Tanzania (72), and China (63). (P. Chi et al, 2014; Giri et al, 2013; Kalan et al, 2019; Osei-Yeboah et al, 2017; Parcesepe et al, 2020; Wang et al, 2021). This finding suggests the need for programs to address low QoL among PLHIV in Iran.…”