The role of pipe biofilms on dissemination of viral pathogens and virulence factor genes in a full-scale drinking water supply system

Analysis of the seasonal water quality variation at the hydraulic junction of a dual-source water distribution system

“…The difference in the routine was mainly attributed to the reactions between the residual chlorine and other organics inside the pipelines. 14,[20][21][22] With the variations in DBP concentration at A 10 and A 12 at different months, it was also found that the concentrations of TCM and BDCM were higher at A 10 in February, March, April, May, October and November. Also, this trend was the opposite in the other months.…”

“…9, [25][26][27] The attenuation alongside the pipe wall refers to the attenuation caused by the reactions of chlorine with the sediment, rust and biolm formed on the pipe wall. 19,20,23 In a single-source DWDS, the concentration of residual chlorine is negatively related to the length of the pipe, and the concentration of residual chlorine is always smaller than the minimum demand at the end of the network. Therefore, secondary chlorination is necessary in this type of distribution system.…”

“…[15][16][17] The overdue hydraulic retention time (HRT) at the valley water consumption period and repeated washouts at the peak water consumption period highlight the complex hydraulic conditions at the conjunction, which makes it more difficult to predict and control DBPs near the junction. [18][19][20][21][22] The interactions between exploited DOMs from the inner wall of the pipelines and the differentiated chemicals at two waters heavily impact the water quality nearby, but scarce investigations have been conducted. Thus, to close the knowledge gap, more efforts should be made to investigate dual-source DWDS, especially in the hydraulic conjunction, which holds signicance in ensuring the water quality of cities.…”

Effect of particulate matter on biofilm stability in water supply network

“…However, these pipes and networks would possibly bring serious secondary pollution towards the water inside them due to their unavoidable aging (Fish et al 2016). For example, with the continuous water transportation and the using of pipes, a large and complex ecosystem constituted by several kinds of microorganisms and bacteria will gradually accumulate and finally take shape, which is one of the main causes of the biofilm attached on the walls of the pipes (Miao et al 2022;Revetta et al 2016). Bacteria accelerate the decay of the disinfectant and promote the formation of disinfection by-products, it also makes pipes more likely to corrode and pollute water (Abokifa et al 2016;Liu et al 2016).…”

“…The quality of raw water transported by these pipes and distribution systems will be affected by the possible interactions concerning physical, chemical, and biological. Thus, the tap water which the customers finally received at home may fail to meet the relative quality standards, especially in terms of microbial safety (Miao et al 2022). Furthermore, several researchers have reported that among the causes of the unqualified end-water which was not rare, the growth of microorganism inside the pipes and the fallen of them took a relatively high proportion (Ellis et al 2018;Goncharuk et al 2018;Wang et al 2018;Hutton et al 2022;Liu et al 2018;Khattak et al 2019).…”