The Role of Radiation Oncology in Immuno-Oncology

Meng, Xiangjiao; Feng, Rui; Yang, Lian; Xing, Ligang; Yu, Jinming

doi:10.1634/theoncologist.2019-io-s1-s04

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The combination of various immunotherapies and radiotherapy is complex and requires further studies on various aspects such as the optimal radiotherapy timing, the location and size of the tumors, and lowering side effects. [30].…”

Section: Pd1 Inhibitors and Radiotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel treatments using PD1 inhibitors for advanced and metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Pezeshki

Hemmati

Rezaei

2020

Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy

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Section: Pd1 Inhibitors and Radiotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel treatments using PD1 inhibitors for advanced and metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Pezeshki

Hemmati

Rezaei

2020

Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy

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“…Yüksek riskli EIII MM'lu olgularda postoperatif INFα ile 5 yıl sağkalımda < %4 fayda ( 16 . Yukarıdaki çalışma sonuçları standart tedaviye göre IT'nin daha etkin bir tedavi olduğunu vurgulamakla birlikte birçok tümör IT'ye direnç göstermektedir 17 . IT ile sinerjik etki yaratan yeni tedavilere gereksinim vardır.…”

Section: B) Lokal Ileri Evreunclassified

Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy Combination

Sarıhan

2020

Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi

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ÖZET İmmunoterapi, bağışıklık sisteminin güçlendirilmesi ile birçok kanser türünde yanıt, yanıt süresi ve sağkalım açısından etkinliği kanıtlanmış bir tedavidir. Yanıt oranları %20 olup dirençli hastalarda immunoterapi ile sinerjik etki yaratan yeni tedavilere gereksinim vardır. Radyoterapi ile tümör hücrelerinden salınan antijenik uyarı tümörün bağışıklık sistemi tarafından daha kolay tanınmasını sağlayarak immunoterapinin tamamlayıcısı olabilir. Radyoterapinin, ışınlanan hedef dışındaki metastazlar üzerindeki sistemik etkisi "abscopal" etki olarak tanımlanmış olup immuno-radyoterapinin temel amacı "abscopal" etkiyi uyandırmaktır. İmmuno-radyoterapinin yanıt ve sağkalıma anlamlı katkısı öncelikle malign melanom ve akciğer kanserlerinde gösterilmiş olup diğer solid tümörlerde de gelecek vaat eden önemli bir tedavi yöntemi olarak görülmektedir.

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“…The activation of the immune system is induced by the radiation damage of cancer cells leading to specific type of apoptosis, immunogenic cell death [6]. This leads to an increased release of tumor antigens and damage-associated molecular patterns, that in the presence of antigen presenting cells (APCs), could prime the abscopal effect [12]. Today, the growing consensus is that combining radiotherapy with immunoadjuvants could boost the abscopal response or cure rates for different cancers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Radiotherapy Fraction with Local Anti-CD40 Therapy Generates Effective Abscopal Responses in Mouse Models of Cervical Cancer

Wood

Yasmin-Karim

Mueller

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Current treatment options for advanced cervical cancer are limited, especially for patients in poor-resource settings, with a 17% 5-year overall survival rate. Here, we report results in animal models of advanced cervical cancer, showing that anti-CD40 therapy can effectively boost the abscopal effect, whereby radiotherapy of a tumor at one site can engender therapeutically significant responses in tumors at distant untreated sites. In this study, two subcutaneous cervical cancer tumors representing one primary and one metastatic tumor were generated in each animal. Only the primary tumor was treated and the responses of both tumors were monitored. The study was repeated as a function of different treatment parameters, including radiotherapy dose and dosing schedule of immunoadjuvant anti-CD40. The results consistently suggest that one fraction dose of radiotherapy with a single dose of agonistic anti-CD40 can generate highly effective abscopal responses, with a significant increase in animal survival (p = 0.0004). Overall, 60% of the mice treated with this combination showed long term survival with complete tumor regression, where tumors of mice in other cohorts continued to grow. Moreover, re-challenged responders to the treatment developed vitiligo, suggesting developed immune memory for this cancer. The findings offer a potential new therapy approach, which could be further investigated and developed for the treatment of advanced cervical cancer, with major potential impact, especially in resource-poor settings.

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The Role of Radiation Oncology in Immuno-Oncology

Abstract: Immunotherapy treatment is promising for some patients; however, many patients are resistant. A synergistic effect of radiotherapy in combination with immunotherapy has been reported and is further explored in this article.

Cited by 27 publications

References 60 publications

Novel treatments using PD1 inhibitors for advanced and metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Novel treatments using PD1 inhibitors for advanced and metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy Combination

Single Radiotherapy Fraction with Local Anti-CD40 Therapy Generates Effective Abscopal Responses in Mouse Models of Cervical Cancer

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