The Role of Retinal Oxidative and Nitrative Injury in Glaucomatous Neurodegeneration

Doğan, Serdar; Aslan, Mutay

doi:10.5772/18513

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 139 publications

(148 reference statements)

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“…– Glaucoma is a disease with various rates of progressions [ 1 , 16 ] and should not be treated as a typical chronic disorder. A prospective follow-up study should be performed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peroxynitrite is a highly reactive molecule that can cause extensive damage to proteins, lipids, and, especially, DNA molecules. Nitrative modification of proteins leads to important structural and functional alterations involved in trabecular meshwork degeneration and retinal ganglion cells (RGC) [ 16 ]. A major reaction peroxynitrite with proteins is the formation of 3-nitrotyrosine (NO 2 Tyr).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inducible and Endothelial Nitric Synthetase Expression and Nitrotyrosine Accumulation in Iris Vasculature of Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Pilot Study

Rokicki

Żaba

Wyględowska-Promieńska

et al. 2015

Med Sci Monit

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BackgroundThe “double-faced” effect of nitric oxide (NO) is thought to play an important role in triggering and progression of glaucoma.Material/MethodsIris samples were obtained during iridectomy in 35 patients (mean age of 65.4±5.3 years) with diagnosed primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). The controls were collected postmortem from 10 donors with a mean age of 62.2±1.9 years. Visual field defects were evaluated by perimetry. The Hodapp-Parrish-Anderson classification was used to divide patients into 3 visual field defect groups. The intraocular pressure was measured 3 times before surgery using applanation tonometry. The phenotype activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoenzymes (endothelial – eNOS and inducible – iNOS) and expression of nitrotyrosine in iris vasculature was assessed.ResultsSignificant differences were found between glaucoma patients and the controls in eNOS and iNOS activity (Mann-Whitney test, U=35.5, Z=−2.037, p=0.04 and U=21, Z=2.69, p=0.007, respectively). In addition, the results showed an upregulation of nitrotyrosine in the capillary endothelial cells in the study group, which was associated with the duration of diagnosed glaucoma (R-Spearman of 0.33, p=0.0047) and visual field mean defect MD (R-Spearman of 0.29, p=0.019). Moreover, the activity of nitrotyrosine was significantly correlated with iNOS immunoreactivity (R-Spearman of 0.5, p=0.0001). However, the iNOS activity significantly varied among Hodapp-Parrish-Anderson groups (p=0.03).ConclusionsOur observations confirmed the association between glaucomatous disturbances and upregulation of iNOS, together with increased nitrotyrosine storage.

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“…– Glaucoma is a disease with various rates of progressions [ 1 , 16 ] and should not be treated as a typical chronic disorder. A prospective follow-up study should be performed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inducible and Endothelial Nitric Synthetase Expression and Nitrotyrosine Accumulation in Iris Vasculature of Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Pilot Study

Rokicki

Żaba

Wyględowska-Promieńska

et al. 2015

Med Sci Monit

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“…Intraocular peroxynitrite anions, in an oxidative ocular milieu, disintegrate quickly to toxic hydroxide radicals after reacting with oxygen, copper, and iron . This causes fundamental modifications in the HTM and RGC function and architecture by reacting with cellular molecules . Furthermore, besides generating peroxinitrite, NO can directly induce apoptosis through protein and DNA degradation due to its free radical properties .…”

Section: No's Double‐edged Sword: a Cause Of Ocular Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of nitric oxide's bidirectional role on glaucoma: focus onHelicobacter pylori–related nitrosative stress

Papaefthymiou

Doulberis

Katsinelos

et al. 2019

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Nitric oxide (NO), a small molecule generated ubiquitously, targets a plethora of tissues to regulate both physiological and pathophysiological functions. NO overproduction, stimulated by microenvironmental conditions, is the main component that dysregulates the tight balance between its beneficial and damaging roles in ocular homeostasis. Considering the protective functions of NO against glaucoma, its endogenous release facilitates aqueous humor drainage and regulates ocular blood flow, maintaining a normal intraocular pressure. NO overproduction generates free radicals, such as peroxynitrite, which induce a vicious circle of vascular disharmony and dysregulation, transient ischemia, nitrosative stress, neuronal degeneration, and permanent glaucomatic injury. Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is considered a burdening factor of glaucoma. NO overproduction and possible systematic dispersion in Hp infection (Hp‐I) could suggest a potential pathophysiological bridge between these conditions. In this review, we aim to elucidate the role of NO in glaucoma with respect to Hp‐I, with the aim to stimulate further studies.

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The Role of Retinal Oxidative and Nitrative Injury in Glaucomatous Neurodegeneration

Cited by 2 publications

References 139 publications

Inducible and Endothelial Nitric Synthetase Expression and Nitrotyrosine Accumulation in Iris Vasculature of Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Pilot Study

Inducible and Endothelial Nitric Synthetase Expression and Nitrotyrosine Accumulation in Iris Vasculature of Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Pilot Study

Impact of nitric oxide's bidirectional role on glaucoma: focus onHelicobacter pylori–related nitrosative stress

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