The role of rumen-protected choline in hepatic function and performance of transition dairy cows

Shahsavari, Arash; D’Occhio, Michael J.; Jassim, Rafat Al

doi:10.1017/s0007114516001641

Cited by 39 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Higher choline availability achieved through feeding strategies utilizing rumen protected choline has been shown to have a favourable effect on milk production. This could be attributed to subsequent increased availability of methionine for milk synthesis, enhanced glycogenesis in the liver, and general health improvement of the cows [ 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pasture Feeding Changes the Bovine Rumen and Milk Metabolome

et al. 2018

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of two pasture feeding systems—perennial ryegrass (GRS) and perennial ryegrass and white clover (CLV)—and an indoor total mixed ration (TMR) system on the (a) rumen microbiome; (b) rumen fluid and milk metabolome; and (c) to assess the potential to distinguish milk from different feeding systems by their respective metabolomes. Rumen fluid was collected from nine rumen cannulated cows under the different feeding systems in early, mid and late lactation, and raw milk samples were collected from ten non-cannulated cows in mid-lactation from each of the feeding systems. The microbiota present in rumen liquid and solid portions were analysed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, while 1H-NMR untargeted metabolomic analysis was performed on rumen fluid and raw milk samples. The rumen microbiota composition was not found to be significantly altered by any feeding system in this study, likely as a result of a shortened adaptation period (two weeks’ exposure time). In contrast, feeding system had a significant effect on both the rumen and milk metabolome. Increased concentrations of volatile fatty acids including acetic acid, an important source of energy for the cow, were detected in the rumen of TMR and CLV-fed cows. Pasture feeding resulted in significantly higher concentrations of isoacids in the rumen. The ruminal fluids of both CLV and GRS-fed cows were found to have increased concentrations of p-cresol, a product of microbiome metabolism. CLV feeding resulted in increased rumen concentrations of formate, a substrate compound for methanogenesis. The TMR feeding resulted in significantly higher rumen choline content, which contributes to animal health and milk production, and succinate, a product of carbohydrate metabolism. Milk and rumen-fluids were shown to have varying levels of dimethyl sulfone in each feeding system, which was found to be an important compound for distinguishing between the diets. CLV feeding resulted in increased concentrations of milk urea. Milk from pasture-based feeding systems was shown to have significantly higher concentrations of hippuric acid, a potential biomarker of pasture-derived milk. This study has demonstrated that 1H-NMR metabolomics coupled with multivariate analysis is capable of distinguishing both rumen-fluid and milk derived from cows on different feeding systems, specifically between indoor TMR and pasture-based diets used in this study.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pasture Feeding Changes the Bovine Rumen and Milk Metabolome

et al. 2018

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“…Choline is the precursor of phospholipid such as phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin [ 40 ], which may contribute to the integrity of intestinal membrane structure [ 41 ] and lipid transport metabolism [ 42 ]. Excess choline could be used for the synthesis of phosphorylcholine [ 43 ], then enhance VLDL synthesis in the liver [ 44 ]. The result that serum levels of choline were higher in HLB and HLB + RSM groups could demonstrate that supplementation with HLB and HLB plus RSM promoted lipid synthesis in growing yaks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabonomic Responses of Grazing Yak to Different Concentrate Supplementations in Cold Season

Zhou

Yue

Peng

et al. 2020

Animals

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Supplementation plays an important role in reversing the weight loss of grazing yaks during cold season. However, little is known about the effect of supplementation on the serum metabolites of grazing yaks. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of supplementary feeding on average daily gain (ADG) and serum metabolites with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics method in growing yaks during cold season on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. Twenty 1.5-year-old female yaks (91.38 ± 10.43 kg LW) were evenly divided into three treatment groups and a control group (CON) (n = 5 per group). All the yaks were released to graze during daytime, whereas the yaks in the treatment groups were supplemented with highland barley (HLB), rapeseed meal (RSM), and highland barley plus rapeseed meal (HLB + RSM) at night. The whole experiment lasted for 120 days. Results indicated that the ADG of growing yak heifers was increased by concentrate supplementations, and ADG under HLB and HLB + RSM group was 37.5% higher (p < 0.05) than that with RSM supplementation. Supplementary feeding increased the plasma concentrations of total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of those in the CON group, and concentrations of BUN were higher in the RSM group than in the HLB and HLB + RSM group. Compared with the CON group, serum levels of glutamine, glycine, β-glucose were lower and that of choline was higher in the HLB group; serum levels of lactate were lower and that of choline, glutamate were higher in the HLB + RSM group. Compared with the HLB + RSM group, serum levels of glycerophosphoryl choline (GPC) and lactate were higher, and those of choline, glutamine, glutamate, leucine, N-acetyaspartate, α-glucose, and β-glucose were lower in the HLB group; serum levels of citrate, GPC and lactate were higher, and those of 3-Hydroxybutyrate, betaine, choline, glutamate, glutamine, N-acetylglycoprotein, N-acetyaspartate, α-glucose, and β-glucose were lower in the RSM group. It could be concluded that concentrate supplementations significantly improved the growth performance of growing yaks and supplementation with HBL or HLB plus RSM was better than RSM during the cold season. Supplementation with HBL or HLB plus RSM affected the serum metabolites of grazing yaks, and both treatments promoted lipid synthesis. Supplementation of yaks with HBL plus RSM could improve energy-supply efficiency, protein and lipid deposition compared with HLB and RSM.

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first study profiling AA and their derivatives in response to MET or CHOL supplementation around parturition. Considering that periparturient MET supplementation resulted in greater feed intake, increased milk yield, and better overall cow health while CHOL cows did not achieve similar benefits [ 9 ] (although others have reported increased milk production with CHOL [ 21 , 22 ]), our hypothesis was that MET and CHOL supplementation results in different alterations in AA metabolism-associated events which ultimately contribute to their distinct roles in the overall health and production efficiency of the animal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methionine and Choline Supply during the Periparturient Period Alter Plasma Amino Acid and One-Carbon Metabolism Profiles to Various Extents: Potential Role in Hepatic Metabolism and Antioxidant Status

Zhou

Vailati-Riboni

Luchini³

et al. 2016

Nutrients

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The objective of this study was to profile plasma amino acids (AA) and derivatives of their metabolism during the periparturient period in response to supplemental rumen-protected methionine (MET) or rumen-protected choline (CHOL). Forty cows were fed from −21 through 30 days around parturition in a 2 × 2 factorial design a diet containing MET or CHOL. MET supply led to greater circulating methionine and proportion of methionine in the essential AA pool, total AA, and total sulfur-containing compounds. Lysine in total AA also was greater in these cows, indicating a better overall AA profile. Sulfur-containing compounds (cystathionine, cystine, homocystine, and taurine) were greater in MET-fed cows, indicating an enriched sulfur-containing compound pool due to enhanced transsulfuration activity. Circulating essential AA and total AA concentrations were greater in cows supplied MET due to greater lysine, arginine, tryptophan, threonine, proline, asparagine, alanine, and citrulline. In contrast, CHOL supply had no effect on essential AA or total AA, and only tryptophan and cystine were greater. Plasma 3-methylhistidine concentration was lower in response to CHOL supply, suggesting less tissue protein mobilization in these cows. Overall, the data revealed that enhanced periparturient supply of MET has positive effects on plasma AA profiles and overall antioxidant status.

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The role of rumen-protected choline in hepatic function and performance of transition dairy cows

Cited by 39 publications

References 94 publications

Pasture Feeding Changes the Bovine Rumen and Milk Metabolome

Pasture Feeding Changes the Bovine Rumen and Milk Metabolome

Metabonomic Responses of Grazing Yak to Different Concentrate Supplementations in Cold Season

Methionine and Choline Supply during the Periparturient Period Alter Plasma Amino Acid and One-Carbon Metabolism Profiles to Various Extents: Potential Role in Hepatic Metabolism and Antioxidant Status

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