The Role of Science in Social Work

Abstract

The age-old debate about the role of science in social work has intensified with the growth of scientific activities and the emergence of philosophically-based criticisms of prevailing scientific paradigms. Issues have included: constructionist challenges to the role of research in validating social work knowledge; divisions over whether there is enough credible scientific knowledge to make a difference in practice; disputes over whether such knowledge can be adequately disseminated and properly utilized; and controversies about the utility of applying research methods (e.g. single-case evaluations) in practice.• Findings: Scientific methods are likely to provide superior knowledge, because they have evolved to become humankind's most powerful form of enquiry. Enough research-based knowledge does exist to make a difference in practice, and there are means to enable its dissemination and utilization. Moreover, a number of these methods can be productively used in practice. • Applications: Practice based on research knowledge and strengthened by selective use of research methods should become a growing force in social work. Emphasis on methodological pluralism in research, and the development of common standards for the appraisal of knowledge, may further rapprochement among different factions in the debate over the role of science in social work.

Digital Native Meet Friendly Visitor: A Flexner-Inspired Call to Digital Action

“…In nearly a century since the inception of formalized social work, pioneers such as Mary Richmond have urged the adoption and incorporation of new technologies, from machinery to novel theoretical models and research techniques, to invigorate practice and to approach the ideal of empowering individuals and communities (Popple, 1985;Reid, 2001). This article uses three dimensions derived from Flexner (1915) to interpret the challenge proffered to social work by technology as a radical opportunity to create a more socially just practice.…”

Practice wisdom: the art and science of social work

“…Support for a scientific and empirical approach to practice has been put forth by researchers such as Ivanoff et al (1987) who argued that specific interventions with targeted outcomes would support evidence-based practice. Reid (2001) added further support to this perspective by arguing that scientific methods provided 'superior knowledge' and contributed to practice based upon empirical research methods.…”

Practice Research Collaboration in Social Work

“…In debates on the place of knowledge in social work, the foundational metaphors of science and art resurface in various guises (England, 1986;Fook, Ryan, & Hawkins, 1997;Gray & Webb, 2008;Reid, 2001). Perhaps this is because they afford easy shorthand through which participants can identify with contrasting depictions of the profession.…”