The role of short-chain fatty acids in intestinal barrier function, inflammation, oxidative stress, and colonic carcinogenesis

Liu, Pinyi; Wang, Yanbing; Yang, Ge; Zhang, Qihe; Meng, Lingbin; Xin, Ying; Jiang, Xin

doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105420

Cited by 369 publications

(261 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…SCFAs are mainly produced in the colon and cecum, with a total concentration of approximately 150mmol/l. As the most abundant anion in the colon, SCFAs are absorbed in a concentration-dependent manner, transported to the portal vein by various transporters and then migrated to other organs through blood circulation ( Nicholson et al, 2012 ; Liu et al, 2021 ). The proportion of the three main SCFAs (acetate, propionate and butyrate) is roughly 3:1:1, and they differ in their sources, distribution and potential effects on host physiology ( He et al, 2020 ; Kumar et al, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Scfas and Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the most abundant anion in the colon, SCFAs are absorbed in a concentration-dependent manner, transported to the portal vein by various transporters and then migrated to other organs through blood circulation ( Nicholson et al, 2012 ; Liu et al, 2021 ). The proportion of the three main SCFAs (acetate, propionate and butyrate) is roughly 3:1:1, and they differ in their sources, distribution and potential effects on host physiology ( He et al, 2020 ; Kumar et al, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2021 ). Acetate is the main SCFA in the colon produced by most of the Enterococcus species and is easily absorbed and transported to the liver.…”

Section: Scfas and Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids of Gut Microbiota Origin in Hypertension

Xu²,

Tu³

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and its development involves multiple mechanisms. Gut microbiota has been reported to be closely linked to hypertension. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)—the metabolites of gut microbiota—participate in hypertension development through various pathways, including specific receptors, immune system, autonomic nervous system, metabolic regulation and gene transcription. This article reviews the possible mechanisms of SCFAs in regulating blood pressure and the prospects of SCFAs as a target to prevent and treat hypertension.

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Section: Scfas and Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scfas and Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids of Gut Microbiota Origin in Hypertension

Xu²,

Tu³

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Interestingly, the reduction of SCFAs-producing bacteria was also observed in the stool samples of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, indicating the vital role of SCFAs in the infection of M. tuberculosis ( Luo et al, 2017 ; Hu et al, 2019 ). SCFAs, as a major group of metabolites from gut microbes, are known to exert a beneficial effect on health through regulating innate immunity and protecting gut barrier integrity ( Liu et al, 2021 ). We speculated that the reduction of genus Faecalibacterium and Roseburia in ITB might lead to the impaired production of SCFAs and the consequent intestinal metabolic disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of Gut Microbiota in Patients With Intestinal Tuberculosis That Different From Crohn’s Disease

Wang

Chen

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are chronic inflammatory bowel disorders that are associated with dysregulated mucosal immunity. The gut microbiota plays an important role in the regulation of host immunity and inflammatory response. Although mounting evidence has linked CD with the dysbiosis of gut microbiota, the characteristic profiles of mucosal bacteria in ITB remain unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the alterations of the gut microbiota in ITB and compare the microbial structure of ITB with CD. A total of 71 mucosal samples were collected from patients with ITB, CD, and healthy controls (HC), and then, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed. The overall composition of gut microbiota in ITB was strikingly different from HC, with the dominance of Proteobacteria and reduction of Firmicutes. Of note, the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria such as Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, and Ruminococcus were decreased in ITB relative to HC, while Klebsiella and Pseudomonas were enriched. Multiple predictive functional modules were altered in ITB, including the over-representation of lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, and pathogenic Escherichia coli infection that can promote inflammation. Additionally, the microbial structure in CD was distinctly different from ITB, characterized by lower alpha diversity and increased abundance of Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Collinsella, and Klebsiella. These four bacterial markers distinguished ITB from CD with an area under the curve of 97.6%. This study established the compositional and functional perturbation of the gut microbiome in ITB and suggested the potential for using gut microbiota as biomarkers to differentiate ITB from CD.

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“…The aim of this study was to determine potential biomarkers from the set of redox factors and their cut-off points to distinguish individuals with SZ. Recent research has been focused on multiple possible biomarkers to diagnose different diseases for improving sensitivity and specificity [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. In our analysis, we confirmed RB could be considered an additional biomarker of schizophrenia-related biological abnormalities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pro/Antioxidant State as a Potential Biomarker of Schizophrenia

Juchnowicz

Dzikowski

Róg

et al. 2021

JCM

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To allow better diagnosis and management of psychiatric illnesses, the use of easily accessible biomarkers are proposed. Therefore, recognition of some diseases by a set of related pathogenesis biomarkers is a promising approach. The study aims to assess the usefulness of examining oxidative stress (OS) in schizophrenia as a potential biomarker of illness using the commonly used data mining decision tree method. The study group was comprised of 147 participants: 98 patients with schizophrenia (SZ group), and the control group (n = 49; HC). The patients with schizophrenia were divided into two groups: first-episode schizophrenia (n = 49; FS) and chronic schizophrenia (n = 49; CS). The assessment included the following biomarkers in sera of patients: catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), glutathione reductase (GR), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), dityrosine (DITYR), kynurenine (KYN), N-formylkynurenine (NFK), tryptophan (TRY), total oxidant status (TOS), nitric oxide (NO) and total protein. Maximum accuracy (89.36%) for distinguishing SZ from HC was attained with TOS and GPx (cut-off points: 392.70 and 15.33). For differentiating between FS and CS, the most promising were KYN, AOPP, TAC and NO (100%; cut-off points: 721.20, 0.55, 64.76 and 2.59). To distinguish FS from HC, maximum accuracy was found for GSH and TOS (100%; cut-off points: 859.96 and 0.31), and in order to distinguish CS from HC, the most promising were GSH and TOS (100%; cut-off points: 0.26 and 343.28). Using redox biomarkers would be the most promising approach for discriminating patients with schizophrenia from healthy individuals and, in the future, could be used as an add-on marker to diagnose and/or respond to treatment.

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The role of short-chain fatty acids in intestinal barrier function, inflammation, oxidative stress, and colonic carcinogenesis

Cited by 369 publications

References 165 publications

The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids of Gut Microbiota Origin in Hypertension

The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids of Gut Microbiota Origin in Hypertension

Alterations of Gut Microbiota in Patients With Intestinal Tuberculosis That Different From Crohn’s Disease

Pro/Antioxidant State as a Potential Biomarker of Schizophrenia

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