Thermally induced transmission and reflectivity changes are investigated
in thin films formed by Bi nanostructures embedded in amorphous
Al2O3. The Bi nanostructures are formed by coalesced nanoparticles forming a quasi-network
close to the percolation threshold. Upon heating above the Bi melting temperature
(>574 K), the transmission of the film increases abruptly, up to 18% in respect to the initial
value, which is related to Bi melting. Upon cooling, the high transmission state remains up
to temperatures as low as 436 K, thus evidencing a wide melting–solidification hysteresis
cycle. The existence of transient morphological changes within the embedded nanostructure
related to the contraction of Bi upon melting seems to have a significant contribution to
the large transmission contrast between the molten and solid states of the Bi
nanostructures. This large contrast together with the large width of the cycle
makes this nanostructured film promising for a thermally driven optical switch.