The Role of Surface Similarity in Analogical Retrieval: Bridging the Gap Between the Naturalistic and the Experimental Traditions

Trench, Máximo; Minervino, Ricardo A.

doi:10.1111/cogs.12201

Cited by 55 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Based on prior research and theory, we know of factors that promote comparison: (a) spatiotemporal proximity, (b) high similarity, and (c) common labels (as discussed below). Even for adults, relational mapping is facilitated by simultaneous presentation; and relational reminding and transfer is far more likely when the pair is of high overall similarity (Gentner, Rattermann, & Forbus, 1993;Holyoak & Koh, 1987;Ross, 1987;Trench & Minervino, 2015). For children, there is the added issue that high-similarity comparisons are not only readily noticed, but also easy to align.…”

Section: What Prompts Comparison?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analogy and Abstraction

Gentner¹,

Hoyos²

2017

Topics in Cognitive Science

124

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A central question in human development is how young children gain knowledge so fast. We propose that analogical generalization drives much of this early learning and allows children to generate new abstractions from experience. In this paper, we review evidence for analogical generalization in both children and adults. We discuss how analogical processes interact with the child's changing knowledge base to predict the course of learning, from conservative to domain-general understanding. This line of research leads to challenges to existing assumptions about learning. It shows that (a) it is not enough to consider the distribution of examples given to learners; one must consider the processes learners are applying; (b) contrary to the general assumption, maximizing variability is not always the best route for maximizing generalization and transfer.

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Section: What Prompts Comparison?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analogy and Abstraction

Gentner¹,

Hoyos²

2017

Topics in Cognitive Science

124

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“…These content vectors consist of the relative frequency of occurrence of the predicates and functions in the structured representation. Psychologically, this captures the fact that memory retrieval is strongly influenced by content, and only weakly influenced by relational structure (Gentner et al., ; Holyoak & Koh, ; Trench & Minervino, ). It also captures the idea that deliberate indexing is not necessary in order for retrieval to occur.…”

Section: A Brief Summary Of Structure‐mapping Theory and Smementioning

confidence: 99%

Extending SME to Handle Large‐Scale Cognitive Modeling

Forbus

Ferguson

Lovett³

et al. 2016

Cognitive Science

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Theory of Mind (ToM) has been well studied in psychology. It is what gives adults the ability to predict other people's beliefs, desires, and related actions. When ToM is not yet developed, as in young children, social interaction is difficult. A cognitive system that interacts with humans on a regular basis would benefit from having a ToM. In this extended abstract, I propose a computational model of ToM, Analogical Theory of Mind (AToM), based on Bach's [2012, 2014] theoretical Structure-Mapping model of ToM. Completed work demonstrates the plausibility of AToM. Future steps include a full implementation and test of AToM.

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“…Thus, people often failed to spontaneously notice the relevance of the source in solving the target problem, though they could successfully form mappings and derive inferences when prompted to do so. The difficulty of spontaneously noticing the relevance of distant analogs remains even when more naturalistic materials are employed (Trench & Minervino, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in spontaneous analogical transfer

Kubricht

Holyoak

2016

Mem Cogn

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Research on analogical problem solving has shown that people often fail to spontaneously notice the relevance of a semantically remote source analog when solving a target problem, although they are able to form mappings and derive inferences when given a hint to recall the source. Relatively little work has investigated possible individual differences that predict spontaneous transfer, or how such differences may interact with interventions that facilitate transfer. In this study, fluid intelligence was measured for participants in an analogical problem-solving task, using an abridged version of the Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) test. In two experiments, we systematically compared the effect of augmenting verbal descriptions of the source with animations or static diagrams. Solution rates to Duncker's radiation problem were measured across varying source presentation conditions, and participants' understanding of the relevant source material was assessed. The pattern of transfer was best fit by a moderated mediation model: the positive impact of fluid intelligence on spontaneous transfer was mediated by its influence on source comprehension; however, this path was in turn modulated by provision of a supplemental animation via its influence on comprehension of the source. Animated source depictions were most beneficial in facilitating spontaneous transfer for those participants with low scores on the fluid intelligence measure.

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The Role of Surface Similarity in Analogical Retrieval: Bridging the Gap Between the Naturalistic and the Experimental Traditions

Cited by 55 publications

References 43 publications

Analogy and Abstraction

Analogy and Abstraction

Extending SME to Handle Large‐Scale Cognitive Modeling

Individual differences in spontaneous analogical transfer

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