The Role of the Codex Alimentarius in the Study of the Circulation of the Medicines and Special Food Products, Containing Food Additions Based on the Pharmaceutical Law

Shapovalov, V.V.; Zbrozhek, S.I.; Shapovalova, V.A.

doi:10.18413/2313-8955-2016-2-2-66-77

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Illegal production in drug laboratories, storage, accounting, transportation, sale of large batches, sale-street distribution (in small doses), through cafes, restaurants, bars, incl. the Internet network (bookmarks) of psychoactive substances, the use of payment systems creates a multibillion-dollar international criminal drug industry, which involves a wide range of Ukrainian citizens, both distributors and consumers, which is a threat to public health and national security [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Illegal Drug Business in Ukraine: Multidisciplinary Study of the System of Prevention and Countermeasures Against the Legalization of Income (Money Laundering) Obtained by Criminal Means

Shapovalov,

Veits,

Diachenko

2024

SSPMLP

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Established that the modern illegal drug trade is an integral part of transnational organized crime, involving the laundering of proceeds obtained through criminal activities. A comprehensive multidisciplinary study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Ukraine's efforts to combat the contemporary drug trade and to analyze the international system for preventing and countering the legalization of illicit income (money laundering). This study confirmed the connection between transnational organized crime and the laundering of money derived from the illegal trafficking of banned psychoactive substances. The research emphasized the critical need to enhance the criminal and legal frameworks, improve medical and pharmaceutical support, and expand social and economic assistance. By examining the global experience in combating organized crime and drug-related offenses, the study provided valuable insights into effective strategies. Particular attention was given to forensic pharmaceutical practices related to the detection of prohibited psychoactive substances and the legalization of income from their illicit trade. To address these challenges, the study recommends increasing the criminal liability for members of organized drug trafficking gangs and suggests specific amendments to articles 115, 305, and 307 of the Ukrainian Criminal Code. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the European Union’s roadmap and international cooperation efforts in combating the illegal circulation of prohibited psychoactive substances and the laundering of illegal profits was conducted. Normative initiatives aimed at amending Article 209 of the Ukrainian Criminal Code were developed and proposed. The study indicated the importance of implementing the EU Roadmap measures in Ukraine to foster cooperation among various private and public institutions. This collaborative approach aims to coordinate joint actions, conduct research, and organize conferences and training sessions based on the EMCDDA European prevention program and UN initiatives. The study underscores the relevance, timeliness, and practical significance of engaging the international community, including scientists, medical professionals, pharmacists, students, the public, legal experts, law enforcement, and government authorities. Through this multidisciplinary approach, the study seeks to promote a more effective and coordinated response to the challenges posed by the modern drug trade and its associated criminal activities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Illegal Drug Business in Ukraine: Multidisciplinary Study of the System of Prevention and Countermeasures Against the Legalization of Income (Money Laundering) Obtained by Criminal Means

Shapovalov,

Veits,

Diachenko

2024

SSPMLP

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“…Drug costs represent a serious burden on health care systems not only in Ukraine, but also in the leading countries of the world (USA, Great Britain, Germany, Poland, Finland, etc.) [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Prescription Medicines in Ukraine: Continuation of the Experimental Study on the Organization of Pharmaceutical Provision

Shapovalov,

Shapovalov

2024

SSPMPM

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Conducted the experimental study on the organization of pharmaceutical provision, complaints of patients from the position of management of prescription medicines in Ukraine. It has been proven that the level of organization of pharmaceutical supply affects patient complaints. 750 complaints from patients about unsatisfactory on the organization of the pharmaceutical provision were processed. Found that 77% of complaints of patients (women accounted for 70%; men – 30%) were related to late or incomplete on the organization of the pharmaceutical provision of prescription medicines. Violation of the rights of patients to receive medicines on discounted and free prescriptions of doctors was recorded in 88% of complaints. The matrix of complaints based on patient reports of unsatisfactory of prescription medicines of different clinical and pharmacological, classification and legal and nomenclature and legal groups was constructed. In accordance to the ATC classification, the clinical and pharmacological groups were distributed of medicines on 9 clinical and pharmacological groups. According to ATC code A, 5 INN medicines were not available to patients, and more complaints were received. According to ATC code B, 7 INN medicines were not available to patients, and more complaints were received. According to ATC code C, 25 INN medicines were not available to patients, and more complaints were received. According to ATC code D, 1 INN medicines were not available to patients, and more complaints were received. According to ATC code L, 2 INN medicines were not available to patients, and more complaints were received. According to ATC code M, 1 INN medicines were not available to patients, and more complaints were received. According to ATC code N, 13 INN medicines were not available to patients, and more complaints were received. According to ATC code R, 5 INN medicines were not available to patients, and more complaints were received. According to ATC code S, 2 INN medicines were not available to patients, and more complaints were received. The organization of pharmaceutical provision of these drugs was at a low level. It is substantiated that the main feature of pharmaceutical provision of patients is social orientation. It is proved that it is necessary to actively develop the social potential of health care facilities in the format of transparency, completeness, reliability, and efficiency of information about the costs that form the cost of drugs. In the course of the study, a matrix of complaints based on patient reports of unsatisfactory pharmaceutical provision of drugs of different clinical and pharmacological, classification and legal, nomenclature and legal groups was constructed. On the basis of the matrix of complaints, three national lists of drugs were developed with the further development of organizational and legal measures to increase the level of pharmaceutical provision of patients. It is noted that the reference mechanism of drug pricing is aimed at establishing the level of reimbursement at the expense of the state and reducing costs to 50% for pharmaceutical provision of patients.

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“…According to a forensic medical assessment, these are light, moderate or severe injuries), including fatalities (death). Modern challenges in the field of health care are the treatment of the most common diseases associated with the consequences of COVID-19: infectious, oncological, cardiovascular, psychoneurological, orphan endocrinological, addictive diseases, injuries due to traffic accidents, injuries received during hostilities [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. However, the state guarantees the provision of patients during their outpatient and inpatient treatment with high-quality, effective, safe and economically available drugs of clinical and pharmacological, classification and legal, nomenclature and legal groups [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52].…”

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confidence: 99%

The Latest Quantum and Medical, Quantum and Pharmaceutical Technologies in Countering the Criminal and Legal, Forensic and Pharmaceutical Risks of Circulation of Falsified Drugs

Titarenko,

Shapovalov

2024

SSPMLP

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Healthcare institutions manage the distribution of essential medications within the legal framework involving doctors, patients, and pharmacists. The criminal laws of Ukraine hold individuals accountable for distributing counterfeit medicinal products. However, members of criminal organizations often evade prosecution. There is a promising future in integrating quantum medicine, including quantum physics and quantum pharmacy, into forensic pharmaceutical, forensic medical, forensic narcological, and forensic criminalistic research. This advancement could significantly enhance our ability to combat the negative consequences associated with the circulation of falsified drugs. The incorporation of quantum medical and pharmaceutical technologies is anticipated to revolutionize forensic practices. These technologies could provide new methods for detecting and preventing the distribution of counterfeit drugs, thereby protecting public health. Additionally, they may offer innovative solutions for addressing the legal and criminal implications of these activities. As quantum medicine progresses, it will likely play a crucial role in strengthening the integrity of healthcare systems and ensuring the safe distribution of medications. The potential of these technologies in forensic and pharmaceutical fields represents a significant step forward in the fight against drug falsification.

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The Role of the Codex Alimentarius in the Study of the Circulation of the Medicines and Special Food Products, Containing Food Additions Based on the Pharmaceutical Law

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Modern Illegal Drug Business in Ukraine: Multidisciplinary Study of the System of Prevention and Countermeasures Against the Legalization of Income (Money Laundering) Obtained by Criminal Means

Modern Illegal Drug Business in Ukraine: Multidisciplinary Study of the System of Prevention and Countermeasures Against the Legalization of Income (Money Laundering) Obtained by Criminal Means

Management of Prescription Medicines in Ukraine: Continuation of the Experimental Study on the Organization of Pharmaceutical Provision

The Latest Quantum and Medical, Quantum and Pharmaceutical Technologies in Countering the Criminal and Legal, Forensic and Pharmaceutical Risks of Circulation of Falsified Drugs

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