The role of the sun in climate forcing

Beer, J.; Mende, W.; Stellmacher, Rita

doi:10.1016/s0277-3791(99)00072-4

Cited by 282 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Beer et al, 2000;Scafetta and West, 2006). For these comparisons we used solar irradiance data for the last 400 years obtained from historical records of sunspots (Lean et al, 1995;Lean, 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Summer Temperature Reconstruction in the Khibiny Low Mountains (Kola Peninsula, NW Russia) by Means of Tree-ring Width during the Last Four Centuries

Kononov

Friedrich

Boettger

2009

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Summer Temperature Reconstruction in the Khibiny Low Mountains (Kola Peninsula, NW Russia) by Means of Tree-ring Width during the Last Four Centuries

Kononov

Friedrich

Boettger

2009

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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“…7b). The three temperature series exhibited significantly lowtemperature periods during the 1950s-1970s, which coincided with a slight decrease in solar activity from AD 1940 to 1970 (Beer et al, 2000;Fig. 7).…”

Section: Temperature Variations From Ad 1600 To 2013mentioning

confidence: 87%

A 414-year tree-ring-based April–July minimum temperature reconstruction and its implications for the extreme climate events, northeast China

Lyu

Zhang

et al. 2016

Clim. Past

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Abstract.A ring-width series was used as a proxy to reconstruct the past 414-year record of April-July minimum temperature at Laobai Mountain, northeast China. The chronology was built using standard tree-ring procedures for providing comparable information in this area while preserving low-frequency signals. By analyzing the relationship between the tree-ring chronology of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) and meteorological data, we found that the standard chronology was significantly correlated with the April-July minimum temperature (r = 0.757, p < 0.01). Therefore, the April-July minimum temperature since 1600 (more than six trees, but the expressed population signal (EPS) is greater than 0.85 since 1660) was reconstructed by this tree-ring series. The reconstruction equation accounted for 57.3 % of temperature variation, and it was proved reliable by testing with several methods (e.g., sign test, product mean test, reduction of the error, and coefficient of efficiency). Reconstructed April-July minimum temperature on Laobai Mountain showed six major cold periods (1605-1616, 1645-1677, 1684-1691, 1911-1924, 1930-1942, and 1951-1969) and seven major warm periods (1767-1785, 1787-1793, 1795-1807, 1819-1826, 1838-1848, 1856-1873, and 1991-2008) during the past 414 years. The reconstructed low-temperature periods in the 17th and early 18th century were consistent with the Little Ice Age (LIA) in the Northern Hemisphere, and the rate of warming in the 19th century was significantly slower than that in the late 20th century. In addition, the reconstructed series was fairly consistent with the historical and natural disaster records of extreme climate events (e.g., cold damage and frost disaster) in this area. This temperature record provides new evidence of past climate variability, and can be used to predict the climate trend in the future in northeast China.

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“…It introduces a new concept into solar magnetic activity, linking the global solar dynamo to the heliospheric field in a way not appreciated until now and adding an interesting perspective to what we thought we understood quite well. These findings on the large-scale solar magnetic field provide a new ingredient to the complex chain of processes involved in space weather, cosmic-ray flux, and likely climate (e.g., Beer, Mende, & Stellmacher 2000). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

What Is Missing from Our Understanding of Long‐Term Solar and Heliospheric Activity?

Schrijver

DeRosa

Title

2002

ApJ

144

163

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The heliospheric magnetic field is associated with changes in space weather, cosmic-ray flux, and likely climate. This field is determined by the largest scale patterns of magnetism at the solar surface, dominated by the lower latitude active regions during cycle maximum and by the circumpolar fields during cycle minimum. Whereas the magnetic field in the activity belt is readily studied, the high-latitude field is much less accessible, and its study requires a combination of modeling and observation. Current models hold that the high-latitude magnetic field on the Sun is determined solely by the accumulation of field transported poleward from lower latitude active regions. We test this hypothesis by simulating the evolution of the magnetic field at the solar surface and in the heliosphere during the last 340 yr using a state-of-the-art model that incorporates all processes that are known to contribute significantly to the evolution of the large-scale patterns in the solar field. We find that if only the emergence frequency of magnetic bipoles is varied in accordance with observed sunspot records, the polar-cap field reservoir does not match measurements during past years. Based on comparisons of our simulations with observed polar fluxes over the last few decades and with the proxy for the heliospheric flux formed by 340 yr of 10 Be ice-core data, we suggest that the high-latitude field may be subject to decay on a timescale of 5-10 yr. We discuss the consequences of this finding for our understanding of the Sun-Earth connection and explore inferences for the coupling of the Sun's internal magnetic field to the heliospheric field.

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The role of the sun in climate forcing

Cited by 282 publications

References 40 publications

Regional Summer Temperature Reconstruction in the Khibiny Low Mountains (Kola Peninsula, NW Russia) by Means of Tree-ring Width during the Last Four Centuries

Regional Summer Temperature Reconstruction in the Khibiny Low Mountains (Kola Peninsula, NW Russia) by Means of Tree-ring Width during the Last Four Centuries

A 414-year tree-ring-based April–July minimum temperature reconstruction and its implications for the extreme climate events, northeast China

What Is Missing from Our Understanding of Long‐Term Solar and Heliospheric Activity?

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