The role of thionins in rice defence against root pathogens

Gheysen, Godelieve; Ullah, Chhana; Verbeek, Ruben; Shang, Chenjing; Vleesschauwer, David De; Höfte, Monica; Kyndt, Tina

doi:10.1111/mpp.12246

Cited by 42 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…In rice, there are~12 known PR gene families with 113 members, and they have been reported to be consistently induced by bacterial, fungal and nematode infection at the mRNA or protein levels [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. In this study, there were 41 DEGs belonging to 11 PR gene families (Figs 3 and 5).…”

Section: Resistance and Susceptible Host Response To H Mucronata Infmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Even at 14 DAI, OsTHI7/6 is still expressed at lower levels in the galls than in the control root tips under the conditions of M. graminicola infection, although this difference is not significant. In addition, the overexpression of OsTHI7 can improve the resistance of rice to M. graminicola . This improvement in resistance implies that OsTHI6 has an important role in improving the resistance of rice to H. mucronata.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Transcriptome analysis of roots from resistant and susceptible rice varieties infected with Hirschmanniella mucronata

et al. 2019

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Hirschmanniella mucronata is a plant‐parasitic nematode that is widespread in rice production areas and causes 10–25% yield losses a year on average. Here, we investigated the mechanism of resistance to this nematode by comparing the transcriptomes of roots from resistant (Jiabali) and susceptible (Bawangbian) varieties of rice. Of 39 233 unigenes, 2243. exhibited altered total expression levels between control and infected resistant and susceptible varieties. Significant differences were observed in the expression levels of genes related to stress, peptidase regulation or inhibition, oxidoreductase activity, peroxidase activity and antioxidant activity. The up‐regulated genes related to plant secondary metabolites, such as phenylpropanoid, lignin, cellulose or hemicellulose, may result in an increase in the degree of resistance of Jiabali to the H. mucronata infection compared with that of Bawangbian by affecting cell wall organization or biogenesis. Of the genes that responded similarly to H. mucronata infection, ~252 (~76.59%) showed greater changes (whether induced or suppressed) in RN155 (susceptible varieties infected by rice root nematode) than in RN51 (resistance varieties infected by rice root nematode). Nineteen pathogenesis‐related genes belonging to nine pathogenesis‐related gene families were significantly induced by H. mucronata in the infected roots of Jiabali and Bawangbian, and 13 differentially expressed genes showed changes in their abundance only in the susceptible Bawangbian variety. This study may help enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying plant resistance to nematodes.

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Section: Resistance and Susceptible Host Response To H Mucronata Infmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Transcriptome analysis of roots from resistant and susceptible rice varieties infected with Hirschmanniella mucronata

et al. 2019

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“…Thionins are small antimicrobial cysteine-rich peptides that are involved in plant defence and classified in the PR-13 family (Sels et al, 2008). In rice (O. sativa), a role for OsTHION7 in increased defence to M. graminicola infection has been recently demonstrated (Ji et al, 2015). Three other thionin genes (OsThion1, 3 and 9) presented a very high basal expression in TOG5681 root tips.…”

Section: Rice Candidate Genes For Nematode Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic and histological responses of African rice (Oryza glaberrima) to Meloidogyne graminicola provide new insights into root-knot nematode resistance in monocots

et al. 2017

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Background and Aims The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola is responsible for production losses in rice (Oryza sativa) in Asia and Latin America. The accession TOG5681 of African rice, O. glaberrima, presents improved resistance to several biotic and abiotic factors, including nematodes. The aim of this study was to assess the cytological and molecular mechanisms underlying nematode resistance in this accession.Methods Penetration and development in M. graminicola in TOG5681 and the susceptible O. sativa genotype 'Nipponbare' were compared by microscopic observation of infected roots and histological analysis of galls. In parallel, host molecular responses to M. graminicola were assessed by root transcriptome profiling at 2, 4 and 8 d postinfection (dpi). Specific treatments with hormone inhibitors were conducted in TOG5681 to assess the impact of the jasmonic acid and salicylic acid pathways on nematode penetration and reproduction.Key Results Penetration and development of M. graminicola juveniles were reduced in the resistant TOG5681 in comparison with the susceptible accession, with degeneration of giant cells observed in the resistant genotype from 15 dpi onwards. Transcriptome changes were observed as early as 2 dpi, with genes predicted to be involved in defence responses, phenylpropanoid and hormone pathways strongly induced in TOG5681, in contrast to 'Nipponbare'. No specific hormonal pathway could be identified as the major determinant of resistance in the ricenematode incompatible interaction. Candidate genes proposed as involved in resistance to M. graminicola in TOG5681 were identified based on their expression pattern and quantitative trait locus (QTL) position, including chalcone synthase, isoflavone reductase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, WRKY62 transcription factor, thionin, stripe rust resistance protein, thaumatins and ATPase3.Conclusions This study provides a novel set of candidate genes for O. glaberrima resistance to nematodes and highlights the rice-M. graminicola pathosystem as a model to study plant-nematode incompatible interactions.

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“…In particular, DAV95 aphids induced greater expression of thionin transcripts in the plant, which are related to plant defence (Stec, 2006;Mehrabi, Ahman & Jonsson, 2014). Specifically, thionins are antimicrobial peptides that are toxic to bacteria, fungi, yeasts and mammalian cell types in vitro, and they have been most well studied in plant defence to pathogens (Ji et al, 2015). Aphids require a primary bacterial symbiont for nutritional resources and, very speculatively, thionins could disrupt this pathway and thus have an impact on aphid performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced expression of defence-related genes in barley is specific to aphid genotype

Zytynska

Jourdie

Naseeb

et al. 2015

Biol. J. Linn. Soc.

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Understanding the mechanisms by which plants respond to attack is of great ecological and economic importance. When phloem‐feeding insects feed they can influence the expression of defence‐related genes in the plant. While it is well‐documented that the genotype of the feeding insect can influence plant fitness traits, thus far the effect of insect genotype on the induction of defence‐related genes in the plant has had relatively little attention. To investigate the molecular specificity of plant–insect interactions, the model plant Hordeum vulgare was exposed to four different genotypes of the aphid Sitobion avenae. When the plants were previously exposed to a specific aphid genotype, the population growth of other aphid genotypes was reduced. A global gene expression study of the barley genome showed that these effects can occur indirectly through physiological changes in the plant. We found 1018 transcripts to be differentially induced by different aphid genotypes, with some specific to one aphid genotype. This work identifies core and genotype‐specific plant response genes to aphids and supports the notion that the genotypic composition of the herbivore population can trigger the transcription of different defence‐related genes in the host plant, thus affecting the population structure of these herbivores and potentially the wider ecological community.

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The role of thionins in rice defence against root pathogens

Cited by 42 publications

References 70 publications

Transcriptome analysis of roots from resistant and susceptible rice varieties infected with Hirschmanniella mucronata

Transcriptome analysis of roots from resistant and susceptible rice varieties infected with Hirschmanniella mucronata

Transcriptomic and histological responses of African rice (Oryza glaberrima) to Meloidogyne graminicola provide new insights into root-knot nematode resistance in monocots

Induced expression of defence-related genes in barley is specific to aphid genotype

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