The Role of Trypsin in The Internalization Process of Influenza H1N1 Virus into Vero and MDCK Cells

Abstract

Trypsin is supposed to the influenza virus into host purpose of this study is to determine the role of trypsin process of the influenza H1N1 virus in Vero and MDCK (M Kidney) cells; to see whether trypsin receptor-mediated endocytosis or non viruses were inoculated into Vero and MDCK cells under three conditions: (1) without trypsin in the medium trypsin (VTVi1 and MTVi1) inoculation and incubated with medium containing trypsin (VTVi2 and MTVi2). Advance cytopathic effect HA (hemagglutination) titer cells. Moreover, HA titer on MTVi1 was higher than MVi, and the lowest was found on MTVi2. Trypsin supported the internali the cleavage of HA glycoprotein halt the internalization of with trypsin before virus inoculation. Trypsin could digest protein containing sialic aci Conversely, trypsin did not Vero cells based on HA titer. This result was also supported by TEM observation, which showed that influenza virus is very low. We sugges 2,6)-containing receptor on the membrane of virus internalization. On the other hand, active internalization of the virus was seen in all groups of MDCK cells (MVi, MTVi1, and MTVi2). However, trypsin could not trigger the internali cells via non-receptor-mediated endocytosis. From this study it can be concluded that trypsin enhanced the cleavage of the hemagglutinin (HA) of the virus, but did not improve the ability of the host cells to internalize the virus, especially via non endocytosis.

Reciprocal enhancement of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus replication in human pluripotent stem cell-derived lung organoids

“…Therefore, the titre of FLUAV in hiAT2 organoids was confirmed by RT-qPCR analysis ( Figure 5 (A)). It is important to note that the addition of tolysulfonyl phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone (TPCK)-treated trypsin [ 50 , 51 ] to the culture media of Matrigel increased the FLUAV replication in hiAT2 organoids, suggesting that TPCK-treated trypsin easily penetrated the Matrigel barrier and modulated organoid cells (Supplementary Figure 7). Another limitation of Matrigel based organoid culture system would be the batch-to-batch variations in susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”

Expression of Factor X in BHK-21 Cells Promotes Low Pathogenic Influenza Viruses Replication

“…Avian influenza viruses reach high titers when grown within chicken-origin cells; however, the efficient replication and infectivity of LP viruses are achieved in the presence of supplemental trypsin [ 4 ]. The enzyme enhances the internalization of influenza virus into cells by cleavage of HA but did not improve the ability of the host cells to internalize the virus [ 18 ]. It is well documented that the LP viruses cannot be cleaved by ubiquitous intracellular proteases while they replicate efficiently in eggs because of the presence of a protease in allantoic fluid that can cleave HA [ 19 ].…”