The roles of Campus-Support Programs (CSPs) and Education and Training Vouchers (ETVs) on college persistence for youth with foster care histories

Okpych, Nathanael J.; Park, Sunggeun; sayed, Samah Mohamed EL; Courtney, Mark E.

doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104891

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This is an important finding as a growing number of states are adopting tuition waivers for youth with foster care histories. Recent evidence shows that tuition waivers increase postsecondary success (Watt & Faulkner, 2020) and when combined with other resources, such as ETVs and participation in campus support programs (Okpych et al, 2020), tuition waivers may be an important promoter of college persistence. However, Watt and colleagues (2019; 2020) found that tuition waivers are often underutilized, suggesting that policies may not be structured in a way that students can use them to reduce their financial burden.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This includes the types, quality, and dosage of IL services a youth receives, and the specific ETV amount disbursed to a youth (in combination with other sources of aid). Research has found that many students may not have access to ETVs or FICA-funded programs (Okpych, 2015; Okpych et al, 2020; Simmel et al, 2013). Future research should explore how states are utilizing FCIA funding and how that is related to youth connectedness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, difficulties in monitoring IL programs have persisted across states, but have recently improved with the development of the National Youth in Transition Database (NYTD). Research on ETVs has shown considerable variation in ETV use and expenditures across states (Simmel et al, 2013), and early findings suggest that ETV receipt increases the odds of first-year college persistence (Okpych et al, 2020).…”

Section: Policies Targeting Postsecondary Education and Employment Am...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Connected After Care: Youth Characteristics, Policy, and Programs Associated With Postsecondary Education and Employment for Youth With Foster Care Histories

Geiger

Okpych

2021

Child Maltreat

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Recent federal laws and state policies reflect the government’s investment in improving education and employment outcomes for youth with foster care histories. However, little research has assessed the roles of these programs using national data. Drawing on data from the National Youth in Transitions Database (NYTD) ( n = 7797), this study examines the roles that state-level policies and programs, youth-level participation in programs and services, and youth characteristics play in youths’ connection to employment and education (“connectedness”) at age 21. Results from multilevel regression analyses find that foster youth in states with widely available tuition waiver programs increases the odds of connectedness to school. The amount of time youth spend in extended foster care, as well as receipt of postsecondary education aid and services, also increases connectedness. Study findings underscore the importance of material and relational supports in supporting foster youths’ connection to employment and education in early adulthood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Policies Targeting Postsecondary Education and Employment Am...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Connected After Care: Youth Characteristics, Policy, and Programs Associated With Postsecondary Education and Employment for Youth With Foster Care Histories

Geiger

Okpych

2021

Child Maltreat

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“…Various factors have been shown to buffer the obstacles students with foster care experience face while in college and increase their sense of belonging. These include youths’ resilience and self-reliance (Dumais & Spence, 2021; Miller et al, 2020; Morton, 2017; Samuels & Pryce, 2008), campus-based support programs (Avant et al, 2021; Geiger & Beltran 2017b; Okpych et al, 2020; Unrau et al, 2017), and social support (Franco & Durdella, 2018; Jackson & Cameron, 2012; Katz & Geiger, 2020; Okpych & Gray, 2021; Skobba et al, 2018).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“I think there’s a lot of intersectionality”: The college experiences of immigrant-origin Latinx young adults with a foster care background.

Geiger¹,

Diaz-Strong²,

Orellana³

2024

Journal of Diversity in Higher Education

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Young adults with a foster care background experience challenges in accessing and succeeding in postsecondary educational settings. Despite some research exploring the experiences of racially and ethnically diverse students with a foster care background in college, little is known about the experiences of immigrant-origin Latinx youth with foster care histories and their pursuit of postsecondary education. Using an intersectional approach, this qualitative study examined the college-going experiences of 11 immigrant-origin Latinx young adults with a foster care background and how their multiple marginalized identities-foster care involved, immigrant-origin, and Latinx-interact to shape their experiences. Four interconnected themes emerged in the findings: (a) family fragility, (b) complicated feelings of success, (c) sense of (not) belonging, and (d) supports. Participants' stories illuminate the need for consistent, comprehensive support, a more nuanced understanding of how students' intersecting marginalized identities can play a role in their experiences on campus and point to ways they can be supported before and during college.

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“…Research suggests that foster youth in California who receive a grant through the ETV program persist in college at higher rates than foster youth who do not receive the grant. 65 Additional research is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of these federal allocations and the state-specific approaches to administering Chafee dollars. 66 In addition to legislation geared directly towards homeless and foster youth, both populations are also eligible for federal higher education programs such as TRIO, which serve low-income students more broadly.…”

Section: Education Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homeless and Foster Youth, Racial Inequity, and Policy Shifts for Systemic Change

Ward¹,

Booth²

2021

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Each year, roughly 4.2 million young people experience homelessness, and more than 600,000 children interact with the foster care system nationwide. 1 Although youth homelessness and foster care are distinct experiences, many youth will crossover between these two groups. Both groups also face similar challenges, including highly unstable living environments, food insecurity, and often gaps in educational achievement and attainment.While the legal definition of youth homelessness varies across states and targeted policies, the Department of Education defines homeless youth as "individuals who lack a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence." 2 This can include, but is not limited to, youth living in shelters, cars, public spaces, or doubled up with other families. Youth who meet this definition and are also not living with a parent or guardian are considered "unaccompanied youth." 3 Foster care offers a temporary placement for children who cannot live with their families. While in foster care, youth may live with related or unrelated foster parents or in group homes, shelters, residential care facilities, or supervised independent living arrangements. 4 Although homeless and foster youth are distinct groups, they share many attributes and experiences.Both foster and homeless youth are disproportionately Black. While only 14 percent of youth nationwide identify as Black or African American, 38 percent of homeless youth and 23 percent of children in foster care are Black. 5 Not only are Black children more likely to enter foster care, they tend to remain in foster care longer, are more likely to experience frequent placement changes, and are less likely to be reunified with their birth parents. 6

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The roles of Campus-Support Programs (CSPs) and Education and Training Vouchers (ETVs) on college persistence for youth with foster care histories

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

Connected After Care: Youth Characteristics, Policy, and Programs Associated With Postsecondary Education and Employment for Youth With Foster Care Histories

Connected After Care: Youth Characteristics, Policy, and Programs Associated With Postsecondary Education and Employment for Youth With Foster Care Histories

“I think there’s a lot of intersectionality”: The college experiences of immigrant-origin Latinx young adults with a foster care background.

Homeless and Foster Youth, Racial Inequity, and Policy Shifts for Systemic Change

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