The roles of rice microRNAs in rice-Magnaporthe oryzae interaction

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small (20-24 nucleotides (nt) long) non-coding RNAs. One mature miRNA can be transcribed from one or more gene loci known as miRNA genes (MIRs). The transcript of a MIR forms a stem-loop structure that is processed into a 20-24-nt miRNA-5p/−3p duplex by RNase III family endoribonucleases such as Dicer-like1 (DCL1). In turn, the overhang ends of the duplex are methylated by HUA ENHANCER 1 (HEN1), generating stabilized mature miRNAs. The mature miRNAs are loaded onto ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins, forming a miRNAinduced gene silencing complex (miRISC). Then, the miRISC binds to target sites with sequences complementary to the miRNAs, leading to either cleavage or translational inhibition of the target mRNAs, or methylation of the target sequences, resulting in post-transcriptional and transcriptional gene silencing, respectively. In the past decade, more than 700 miRNAs have been identified in rice, a subset of which have been found to be responsive to the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, or its elicitors. Moreover, members of 10 miRNA families have been found to positively or negatively regulate rice defense against M. oryzae, namely miR160, miR164, miR166, miR167, miR169, miR319, miR396, miR398, miR444 and miR7695. This review summarizes the identification and functional characterization of the miRNAs, which respond to M. oryzae or its elicitors and describes the current understanding of the complicated but wellorganized network in the context of rice-M. oryzae interaction.

Osa-miR162a fine-tunes rice resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae and Yield

“…In recent years, rice-M. oryzae interaction has become a model in the study of plant-fungi interaction (Liu and Wang 2016). More than 70 miRNAs were responsive to M. oryzae or its elicitors and 11 of which have been identified as regulators in rice-M. oryzae interaction (Li et al 2019b;Zhou et al 2019). For example, seven miRNAs were identified as negative regulators in rice immunity against M. oryzae by disease assays on overexpressing or Notes: Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 5).…”

Expressing a Target Mimic of miR156fhl-3p Enhances Rice Blast Disease Resistance Without Yield Penalty by Improving SPL14 Expression

“…MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a kind of 20-to 24-nucleotide (nt) non-coding RNA molecule that regulate the expression of genes with sequences complementary to the miRNAs (Bartel, 2004;Yu et al, 2017). One miRNA isoform can be transcribed from one or more MIR gene loci (Li et al, 2019). A MIR gene is first transcribed into a pri-miRNA, which is processed by Dicerlike proteins (DCLs) to form pre-miRNA (Rogers and Chen, 2013).…”

“…Pyricularia oryzae) (Zhang et al, 2018). In the past decade, more than 70 miRNAs have been identified to be responsive to M. oryzae or its elicitors, and 11 of them have been functionally characterized to play positive or negative roles in rice blast disease resistance (Li et al, 2019;Zhou et al, 2019). For example, miR160 positively regulates rice immunity against M. oryzae via up-regulating defense-related gene expression and hydrogen peroxide accumulation at the infection site (Li et al, 2014).…”

New insights into bsr‐d1‐mediated broad‐spectrum resistance to rice blast

“…MicroRNAs also play important roles in plant defence, such as Arabidopsis miR393 (Navarro et al , 2006), and tomato miR482 and miR2118 (Shivaprasad et al , 2012). In response to the rice blast fungus, members of 10 miRNA families positively or negatively regulate rice defence against Magnaporthe oryzae , such as miR160, miR164, miR166, miR167, miR169, miR319, miR396, miR398, miR444, and miR7695 (Li et al ., 2019b). Analyses of their signalling mechanisms and pathways have provided great insights into plant defence responses.…”