The roles of the President of the European Council and the High Representative in leading EU foreign policy on Kosovo

Abstract

Developing a novel conceptualization of 'de-Europeanisation', this introduction provides a common theoretical framework to advance our understanding of EU foreign policy-making in times of internal and external challenges. De-Europeanisation relates to situations where EU foreign policy-making runs against the grain of certain Member States' declared values and interests; where Member States are less willing to engage in collective foreign policymaking at the EU-level, prioritising other multilateral frameworks or (unilateral) national actions; and where the results of that policymaking are, on occasion, explicitly undermined by Member State practice. Departing from the understanding that (de) Europeanisation is an overarching 'framework' rather than a theory, authors focus on -and theorize about -different 'drivers', 'elements' and 'dynamics' of de-Europeanisation'. The theoretical framework developed in this introduction provides guidance for the following individual articles, which are mapped against a common understanding of de-Europeanisation and which locate themselves within the overarching conceptual framework. This will allow for a systematic analysis, comparison and evaluation across the different case studies included in this special issue.

Autonomy in intergovernmentalism: the role ofde novobodies in external action during the making of the EU Global Strategy

“…2. So far, new intergovernmentalism has been used to study developments in the economic and monetary union (Howarth and Quaglia 2015), foreign, security and defence policies (Smith 2015;Amadio Viceré 2016), energy policy (Thaler 2016) and justice and home affairs (Wolff 2015). But being a novel theoretical undertaking, scholars still need to overcome the lack of reflection of its 'theoretical propositions at the policy level' (Schimmelfennig 2015a, 728), particularly in 'new areas of activity' such as external action (Bickerton, Hodson, and Puetter 2015a).…”

Differentiated cooperation as the mode of governance in EU foreign policy

“…Although deliberation and consensus-seeking were considered qualifying features supranationalism, after the 1993 Maastricht Treaty and throughout the 2000s EU polycrisis, they have become the main behavioral norm also among member states' interactions (Bickerton et al, 2015). In formally intergovernmental domains, such as foreign policy, member states have recurrently engaged in instances of integration without supranationalisation (Amadio Viceré, 2016). In parallel, supranational domains have increasingly witnessed a pre-eminence of intergovernmental practices, as reflected by the European Council's dominance in EU decisionmaking processes (Fabbrini & Puetter, 2016b).…”

The European Union as a Global Counter-Terrorism Actor

“…From a supranational standpoint, with regard to CFSP, and under the umbrella of 'ensuring the unity, consistency and effectiveness' of Union action, the HR/VP additionally has the right of initiative, both in High Representative matters (CFSP) and as Vice-President of the European Commission on matters of external relations managed by the Commission (De Ruyt, 2005: 15). The role of HR is also extended and now encompasses the power to conduct ministerial political dialogues with third countries, not only on CFSP issues, but also acting and actively participating as a policy entrepreneur in the Commission's external relations (Amadio Viceré, 2015Viceré, , 2016. Concurrently, the HR/VP also heads the Union's Special Representatives (EUSRs), while also having the possibility of attending the work of the European Council, despite not being a member or being able to vote (Denza, 2012;Helwig, 2015;Helwig and Rüger, 2014).…”