The roles of tumor-derived exosomes in non-small cell lung cancer and their clinical implications

Abstract

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancer cases, and it is one of the leading causes of cancer death in both men and women worldwide due to diagnosis in the advanced stage, rapid metastasis, and recurrence. At present, precision molecular targeted therapeutics directed toward NSCLC driven genes has made great progress and significantly improved the overall survival of patients with NSCLC, but can easily lead to acquired drug resistance. New methods are needed to develop real-time monitoring of drug efficacy and drug resistance, such as new molecular markers for more effective early detection and prediction of prognosis. Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles, containing proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, which are secreted by various cells, and they play an important role in the development of lung cancer by controlling a wide range of pathways. Tumor-derived exosomes are of great significance for guiding the targeted therapy of NSCLC and exosomes themselves can be a target for treatment. In this review, we describe the potential roles of tumor-derived exosomes and their clinical significance in NSCLC.

The potential diagnostic and prognostic role of extracellular vesicles in glioma: current status and future perspectives

“…Comparable findings are also reported in EV-associated miRNAs detection [120]. In contrast, more promising results are obtained in solid tumors including those of prostate, lung, esophagus and ovary [121][122][123][124][125]. In particular, using EVs for early detection of pancreatic cancer have been studied extensively [126][127][128][129].…”

Antiangiogenesis Roles of Exosomes with Fei‐Liu‐Ping Ointment Treatment are Involved in the Lung Carcinoma with the Lewis Xenograft Mouse Model

“…e exosomes interact with tumour suppressors and participate in the regulation of tumour growth [21]. An increasing number of studies have noted that exosomes provide stability and transport proteins and nucleic acids into specific target cells, thus playing a critical role in various aspects of the formation of the tumour microenvironment, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis [11,22]. e characteristically expressed exosome proteins were TSG101, Alix, CD9, and CD63.…”

“…Extracellular microenvironment around lung carcinoma can contribute to the increase in the tumour metastasis and the grade malignancy. Exosomes are lipid-bilayer membrane vehicles that range from 30 to 100 nm in size and can be released into extracellular microenvironment by almost all cell types [11]. Although exosomes were previously considered as dumped vehicles from adjacent cells, their intercellular communication abilities have been proved, especially in carcinoma [12].…”

Silencing of carbonic anhydrase I enhances the malignant potential of exosomes secreted by prostatic tumour cells

“…10,11 Since exosomes reflect the pathological state of the secretory cells, they have become attractive new biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. 10,11 Since exosomes reflect the pathological state of the secretory cells, they have become attractive new biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.…”

“…the increased abundance of some specific exosomal miRNAs and proteins has been positively correlated with the stage and degree of prostate cancer progression. 10,11 Since exosomes reflect the pathological state of the secretory cells, they have become attractive new biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. 1,10 Furthermore, they represent a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancers.…”