The Roots of Football Hooliganism (RLE Sports Studies)

Dunning, Eric; Murphy, Patrick; Williams, John

doi:10.4324/9781315772875

Cited by 57 publications

(59 citation statements)

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“…Violence derived from events in football could be studied on the basis of various sociological reasons in accordance with social-political and economical circumstances. However, it remains similar in the way it is manifested (14,15). In principal, violent events in the football field were and remain spontaneous and directly connected with the game itself.…”

Section: Theoretical Approaches For Understanding Football Violencementioning

confidence: 93%

“…It could be manifested as a reaction to some event during the game and can include distractions of the sport facilities, violence against referees, or against members, or fans of the opposite team, among other things (14). It is unclear how these events are related to the rhythm of the game.…”

Section: Theoretical Approaches For Understanding Football Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is of interest that, of the group comprised of members of the police force, 74,2% declared that maintenance of order is the responsibility of the football clubs and 92% indicated that the presence of police inside the field increases the possibility of violence. Related research indicates that violence cannot be avoided by policing and by state initiated violence and the presence of police may be counterproductive particularly in a social space such as football stadiums where the feeling of aggressive behavior is latent (5,14,33,34). C Ca at te eg go or ry y C C Spectators and fans have developed a particular culture on the field, which before, during and after a game produces some rituals that, some times, may substitute the importance of the game itself.…”

Section: Ca At Te Eg Go or Ry Y A Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore it is inevitable for micro-situations to be created in the playing field, which produce emotional turning points causing different effects to various groups. Previous research indicates that the issue of what is considered violent and aggressive behaviour is open and subject to the socio-cultural time and space (14,15,49).…”

Section: Ca At Te Eg Go or Ry Y A Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rethinking the issue of stadium football violence in Greece: A theoretical- empirical approach

Patsantaras¹

2014

jbe

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The issue of violence on the soccer field in our time is a very complicated sport-social phenomenon. The subject has already been extensively researched, but there is still room for further inquiry. In accordance with internationally accepted theoretical tendencies, previous studies examining the issue of violence in soccer in Greece have focused on the understanding of this phenomenon as it relates to either the social conditions in society in general, or to the social characteristics of the spectators of the soccer clubs that are involved in that violence. This study looked at the issue from another point of view. Specifically, it focuses on the understanding of the phenomenon as it relates with the space, the time and the structural conditions under which it is produced. For that purpose, a questionnaire was administered to 696 subjects divided into four different groups of individuals related to soccer. The results, divided in three categories, indicate that, when we examine issues of violence in soccer, we should consider how a variety of socialcultural and emotional conditions inside football stadiums are shaped, keeping in mind that those conditions are specific in each game. This would enable us to differentiate violence in sport from other forms of violence and would assist in understanding the limits of responsibility of football institutions and organizations.Key Words: violence, football stadium, emotional energy, structural characteristics and conditions, expectations.R Re et th hi in nk ki in ng g t th he e i is ss su ue e o of f s st ta ad di iu um m f fo oo ot tb ba al ll l v vi io ol le en nc ce e i in n G Gr re ee ec ce e: : A A t th he eo or re et ti ic ca al l-e em mp pi ir ri ic ca al l a ap pp pr ro oa ac ch h INTRODUCTIONIn accordance with internationally accepted theoretical tendencies research of football violence is usually based on common theoretical perspectives. However, the social-cultural conditions under which this phenomenon occurs may not be the same across all cultures. In Europe for example, research focuses either on broader external social factors comparing data from different European countries (7, 53), or on the particular demographic and social characteristics of the participants in violent situations-events before football game, during, or after it (16,30,48).The causes of football violence demonstrated inside football fields may be attributed on broader social issues and circumstances. So it seems that the problem of violence, within historical, economic, sociopolitical and cultural contexts, is not of the same nature, or is not influenced by the same causal factors. However, most research reveals cross-national similarities in the stages of development of the problem (7). In Greece, research related to violence in football stadiums has grown in scale since the early 1990s. Much of this research is based on British and North American theoretical perspectives with the purpose of containing and preventing sport violence (28,29,31,35). It is limited mostly to exter...

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Section: Theoretical Approaches For Understanding Football Violencementioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Theoretical Approaches For Understanding Football Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ca At Te Eg Go or Ry Y A Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ca At Te Eg Go or Ry Y A Amentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Rethinking the issue of stadium football violence in Greece: A theoretical- empirical approach

Patsantaras¹

2014

jbe

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“…Given the historic role of violence in the culture of football, not surprisingly it became a prominent feature of sociological analysis, in particular its focus on fans of clubs in the United Kingdom (UK) (see, for example, Armstrong, 1998;Dunning, Murphy, & Williams, 1988;Frosdick & Marsh, 2005;Giulianotti, 1999). Indeed, it was from the 1960s that football violence was popularly referred to by the media as 'football hooliganism' and led to the emergence of three often cited academic explanations that principally centered on its origins and causes: 1 (1) the Marxist account of Ian Taylor (1971), who theoretically explained how economic and social change at the end of the 1960s alienated young working class men from clubs that wanted to attract a more affluent supporter base to pay for a rising wage bill.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Football Fans’ Views of Violence in British Football

Cleland

Cashmore

2015

Journal of Sport and Social Issues

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1 Football Fans' Views of Violence in British Football: Evidence of a Sanitized and Gentrified CultureThis article draws on the responses of 1,500 fans from across the United Kingdom to an online survey posted from August 2013 to November 2013 regarding their experience of football violence. Reflecting the 2013 Home Office report that indicated a continued long-term decline of football fan violence in England and Wales, 89% of fans illustrate a decrease in violent behavior from the 1980s with 56% indicating this is due to better policing, 56% attributing it to improvements in stadia, 50% highlighting the deterrence provided by CCTV, and 49% ascribing it to a civilized supporter base. Overall, fans reflect on a more sanitized and gentrified culture emerging out of measures introduced since the 1990s (including changing police strategies, banning orders, alcohol bans, higher ticket prices, and CCTV).

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Dental injuries in Swiss soccer supporters: A comparative study of regular fans, ultras, and hooligans for public health strategies

Schneider,

Simonek,

Eggmann

et al. 2023

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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ObjectivesViolence among soccer supporters continues to pose a significant public health concern in many parts of the world. In Switzerland, hooliganism is largely uninvestigated. This study aimed to examine incidents of violence and associated dental injuries among different groups of soccer supporters, as well as assess the impact of intoxicants on their behavior, using survey data from regular fans, ultras, and hooligans in the Swiss Football League.Material and MethodsA cross‐sectional survey using a standardized questionnaire was conducted among distinct factions of soccer supporters in the Swiss Football League in 2022. A total of 165 participants self‐identified as belonging to one of three subgroups: “regular fan,” “ultra,” or “hooligan.” Data were gathered on physical altercations, dental injuries, possession of mouthguards, intoxicant use, and medical assistance. Descriptive statistics, logistic regression models, and significance tests were used for data analysis (α = .05).ResultsHooligans had a higher frequency of dental injuries resulting from fights than ultras and regular fans. Hooligans with 11–20 fights per soccer season had a 9.6 times higher probability of dental trauma than those with 0–5 fights (p = .048). Possession of a mouthguard was associated with a lower risk of dental injuries for hooligans but an increased risk for ultras. Additionally, hooligans were found to differ significantly from other groups in their consumption of amphetamines and cocaine (p < .001).ConclusionsThe study found a strong link between physical altercations and dental injuries among soccer supporters. To promote better prevention, there is a necessity for enhanced educational initiatives facilitated by dentists to amplify the dissemination of mouthguards. Furthermore, it is crucial to raise awareness regarding their proper fitting to minimize the occurrence of combat‐related dental injuries. Health authorities and other stakeholders should take a comprehensive approach to addressing some of the root causes of violent behavior, which include alcohol abuse and illicit substance consumption.

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The Roots of Football Hooliganism (RLE Sports Studies)

Cited by 57 publications

References 0 publications

Rethinking the issue of stadium football violence in Greece: A theoretical- empirical approach

Rethinking the issue of stadium football violence in Greece: A theoretical- empirical approach

Football Fans’ Views of Violence in British Football

Dental injuries in Swiss soccer supporters: A comparative study of regular fans, ultras, and hooligans for public health strategies

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