The Routes Choosing Methodology for Laying Networks in Three-Dimensional Space

Two Iterative Methods for Sizing Pipe Diameters in Gas Distribution Networks with Loops

“…(A) Classical flow distribution problem in already existing networks of pipe with loops: A network for gas distribution is typically assumed to be predefined with an established topology (route [81]), including the pipe dimensions (length and diameter) and their characteristics (mostly the roughness of the inner pipe surface, which is a function of the material and age [82]), as well as the predetermined maximum gas consumption at network nodes (with gas income in the network treated as negative consumption). For such a network, assuming that pressure drops cannot compress the gas significantly, the flow distribution through the pipes of the network can be calculated for the steady state and usually for the working condition designed for the maximal load, i.e., for the largest possible consumption.…”

“…Explanation of the two shown methods applied to the solution of the classical problem of flow distribution in looped pipe networks, improved Hardy Cross [5] versus nodeloop method [6]; • Detailed explanation of the correction of flow ∆Q in the Hardy Cross method [7] (with application to the correction of diameters ∆D during optimisation); • Sources and foundation of the idea on which the Hardy Cross method for pipe networks is based [8][9][10]; • Topological properties of pipe networks: number of pipes, nodes and loops and relations among them [11,81];…”