The salinity factor in animal life

Khlebovich, V. V.; Аладин, Н. В.

doi:10.1134/s1019331610030172

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The absence of changes in respiration rate and iso-osmotic changes in copepod body density revealed in our study are evidence of the capability of the studied species to acclimate to both fresh water and hypersaline conditions without special mechanisms of osmotic regulation. These findings are in disagreement with the existing opinion that the salinity tolerance range within 0 to 50 psu characterizes euryhaline amphyosmotic osmoregulators that originated from freshwater environments (Khlebovich & Aladin 2010). Copepods from the Families Pseudodiaptomidae (C. aquaedulcis) and Diaptomidae (A. salinus) should be considered to be of marine origin and represent different stages of adaptation to fresh water environments (Grindley 1984).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Calanipeda aquaedulcis and Arctodiaptomus salinus are exceptionally euryhaline osmoconformers: evidence from mortality, oxygen consumption, and mass density patterns

Svetlichny¹,

Hubareva²,

Khanaychenko³

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Mortality, respiration rate, and body mass density of the estuarine copepods Calanipeda aquaedulcis and Arctodiaptomus salinus and their eggs were studied over a wide range of salinities. Empirical hydrodynamic modeling was applied to calculate body mass density using the sinking speed of the copepods. According to the index of median lethal salinity (LS 50 ), the salinity tolerance ranges of C. aquaedulcis and A. salinus reared at 18 psu were 0.1 to 50 and 0.1 to 35 psu, respectively. No significant effect of salinity on the specific oxygen consumption rate was found in the range from 0.1 to 40 psu in both species, while mean body mass density increased iso-osmotically with water salinity from (mean ± SD) 1.053 ± 0.007 to 1.077 ± 0.005 g cm −3 in C. aquaedulcis and from 1.039 ± 0.004 to 1.062 ± 0.007 g cm −3 in A. salinus. However, body density contrast and sinking speed were stable in both species, allowing them to avoid buoyancy problems with changing salinity. The mean mass density of resting eggs in A. salinus gradually increased isoosmotically following gradual changes in salinity. In contrast to resting eggs, the mass density of subitaneous eggs was not altered by changes in the surrounding salinity, suggesting a hysteresis response in these eggs.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Calanipeda aquaedulcis and Arctodiaptomus salinus are exceptionally euryhaline osmoconformers: evidence from mortality, oxygen consumption, and mass density patterns

Svetlichny¹,

Hubareva²,

Khanaychenko³

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…This area is a very dynamic environment (in terms of waves and currents) and is affected by seasonal temperature and salinity fluctuations (Olenin, 1997). The results from previous studies investigating littoral communities in brackish water bodies suggest that the salinity is a key determinant of community structure and species distribution over the large scale (Bonsdorf & Pearson, 1999;Cognetti & Maltagliati, 2000;Schernewski & Wielgat, 2004;Zetler et al, 2007) and it has been suggested that this is a result of differential tolerances of different species to salinity conditions (Westerbom et al, 2002;Johannesson & André, 2006;Khlebovich & Aladin, 2010). Recent studies investigating the distribution of fauna along the gradient of increasing salinity in the Baltic Sea have shown that the assemblage is transformed from dominated by a few opportunistic species adapted to brackish waters, to communities with a higher number of rare species in the higher salinity North Sea (Telesh et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Spatial pattern of hydrolittoral rock encrusting assemblages along the salinity gradient of the Baltic Sea

Grabowska

Kukliński

2015

Hydrobiologia

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This study compared the diversity parameters and structures of encrusting assemblages in two habitats situated at two levels of shallow rocky shore: hydrolittoral and littoral along the Baltic Sea system. We investigated the variability and level of distinctiveness of the hydrolittoral encrusting fauna based on species biodiversity and distribution, and compared these features with those of communities inhabiting the adjacent shallow littoral zone (3-m depth). Structural similarities and differences between the encrusting assemblages from adjacent hydrolittoral and littoral zones were studied within 14 locations distributed along the northern coastline of the Baltic Sea. Multivariate analysis indicates that salinity had the greatest influence on the structure of the investigated assemblages. Most of the observed hydrolittoral assemblages contained the same species as the littoral zone. This result indicated a shared common species pool with similar large-scale patterns of species distributions with some variability in the dominating species between zones. The similarity between species composition of the hydrolittoral and littoral assemblages decreased with increase of salinity. Additionally, with higher species richness and the occurrence of marine specialists adapted to hydrolittoral conditions, the role of the rock size in the frequency of species occurrence and assemblage diversity was less significant.

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“…It has been suggested that the response to salinity of an organism mainly depends on its eco/evolutionary origin (e.g. Khlebovich & Aladin, ; McNamara & Faria, ). In the B. plicatilis complex, which belongs to a genus with freshwater origin (Epp & Winston, , ), it was demonstrated that cryptic species, even though adapted to limited salinity ranges, are osmoregulators and able to change activity of the plasma membrane‐bound Na+/K+ ATPase enzyme in response to a change in salinity (Lowe et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptic diversity with wide salinity tolerance in the putative euryhalineTestudinella clypeata(Rotifera, Monogononta)

et al. 2013

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Aquatic faunas in fresh, brackish, and salt waters are usually well defined and differ amongst these three habitats. Nonetheless, some animals are known to be euryhaline, namely present across wide salinity ranges. The wide tolerance of putative euryhaline species has, however been refuted in some cases by DNA taxonomy, which has uncovered cryptic diversity with narrow ecological niches. We aim to improve knowledge on the putative euryhalinism of microinvertebrates and test whether it might actually be a real phenomenon or if euryhaline species are mostly a consequence of our previous inability to identify cryptic species with narrow salinity ranges, as discovered in Brachionus plicatilis. Using morphological analyses and DNA taxonomy, we investigated the species reality and distribution of a putative euryhaline rotifer species, Testudinella clypeata, and evaluated whether cryptic species are ecologically and/or geographically segregated. Different DNA taxonomy approaches concurred in revealing the presence of seven cryptic species within the T. clypeata morphospecies, which, in contrast to what has been previously detected, are actually euryhaline. Moreover, differences in analysed morphological traits were not significantly different amongst cryptic species. This suggests that DNA taxonomy improves our estimates of the actual diversity of microscopic species, in contrast to the morphological approach.

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The salinity factor in animal life

Cited by 30 publications

References 2 publications

Calanipeda aquaedulcis and Arctodiaptomus salinus are exceptionally euryhaline osmoconformers: evidence from mortality, oxygen consumption, and mass density patterns

Calanipeda aquaedulcis and Arctodiaptomus salinus are exceptionally euryhaline osmoconformers: evidence from mortality, oxygen consumption, and mass density patterns

Spatial pattern of hydrolittoral rock encrusting assemblages along the salinity gradient of the Baltic Sea

Cryptic diversity with wide salinity tolerance in the putative euryhalineTestudinella clypeata(Rotifera, Monogononta)

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