The salt relations of Dunaliella

Borowitzka, L. J.; Kessly, David Stuart; Brown, A. D.

doi:10.1007/bf00428592

Cited by 93 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This result could indicate a higher presence of the algae Dunaliella or a higher primary production of glycerol, which is the predominant compatible solute in Dunaliella or alternatively, the oxidation of glycerol to dihydroxyacetone, that has been studied in the species Salinibacter ruber and is used as a growth substrate by H. walsbyi and Haloferax volcanii (Elevi Bardavid and Oren, 2008; Ouellette et al, 2013). Therefore, glycerol and probably dihydroxyacetone are considered as the main carbon source and energy for the heterotrophic community in salterns (Borowitzka and Brown, 1974; Borowitzka et al, 1977; Ouellette et al, 2013). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of prokaryotic community structure from Mediterranean and Atlantic saltern concentrator ponds by a metagenomic approach

et al. 2014

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We analyzed the prokaryotic community structure of a saltern pond with 21% total salts located in Isla Cristina, Huelva, Southwest Spain, close to the Atlantic ocean coast. For this purpose, we constructed a metagenome (designated as IC21) obtained by pyrosequencing consisting of 486 Mb with an average read length of 397 bp and compared it with other metagenomic datasets obtained from ponds with 19, 33, and 37% total salts acquired from Santa Pola marine saltern, located in Alicante, East Spain, on the Mediterranean coast. Although the salinity in IC21 is closer to the pond with 19% total salts from Santa Pola saltern (designated as SS19), IC21 is more similar at higher taxonomic levels to the pond with 33% total salts from Santa Pola saltern (designated as SS33), since both are predominated by the phylum Euryarchaeota. However, there are significant differences at lower taxonomic levels where most sequences were related to the genus Halorubrum in IC21 and to Haloquadratum in SS33. Within the Bacteroidetes, the genus Psychroflexus is the most abundant in IC21 while Salinibacter dominates in SS33. Sequences related to bacteriorhodopsins and halorhodopsins correlate with the abundance of Haloquadratum in Santa Pola SS19 to SS33 and of Halorubrum in Isla Cristina IC21 dataset, respectively. Differences in composition might be attributed to local ecological conditions since IC21 showed a decrease in the number of sequences related to the synthesis of compatible solutes and in the utilization of phosphonate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of prokaryotic community structure from Mediterranean and Atlantic saltern concentrator ponds by a metagenomic approach

et al. 2014

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“…The accumulation of glycerol, which has been called a 'compatible solute' by Brown & Simpson (1972), appears to be closely regulated by the external water activity rather than by a specific solute effect, since increased concentrations of organic substances, such as sucrose, sorbitol and 2-deoxy-D-glucose, in the external medium also trigger glycerol accumulation (Borowitzka et al, 1977). The alga initially responds to increasing water activity by swelling to about 30,um in diameter and then by dissimilating glycerol until the cell regains its usual size and shape.…”

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confidence: 99%

Changes in the ordering of lipids in the membrane of Dunaliella in response to osmotic-pressure changes. An e.s.r. study

Curtain¹,

Looney²,

Regan³

et al. 1983

Biochemical Journal

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Changes in the ordering and motion of lipids in response to changes in the external solute concentration have been studied by using the 5-nitroxide stearate (5NS) and 16-nitroxide stearate (16NS) spin probes in the plasma membrane of the halotolerant unicellular alga Dunaliella salina. Increases in ordering of the 5NS probe and decreases in motion of the 16NS probe were observed in cells equilibrated over 18 h at increasing NaCl concentrations. These changes probably resulted from the influence of the high NaCl concentration on the charged phospholipid head groups of the membrane. A short-term (less than 100 min) decrease in the order parameter, S, of the 5NS probe was observed for cells swollen by exposure to a sudden decrease of NaCl concentration from 5.0 to 2.5 M. After 100 min the value of S for 5NS was close to the value obtained in cells that had been equilibrated in 2.5 M-NaCl for 18 h. Since the cells had regained their original size and shape by 100 min it was assumed that the short-term decrease in S was associated with the swelling. A similar result was obtained when the cells were suddenly changed from 3.0 M- to 1.5 M-sorbitol. Conversely, an increase in S was observed for cells shrunk when the external solute concentration was doubled from 1.5 M- to 3.0 M-NaCl. As the cells regained their original size and shape the value of S decreased to the value observed in cells that had been equilibrated in 3.0 M-NaCl for 18 h. It is suggested that the changes in S are related to the movement of lipid into or out of a reservoir of membrane material as the membrane shrinks or expands. This movement of lipid maintains the tension of the membrane below the value at which it is disrupted. Such changes in lipid ordering could provide a mechanism whereby information about external osmotic-pressure changes is transmitted across the cell wall.

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“…The cell may not withstand constant exposure to high salinity, which may relate to drain of ATP in the starch to glycerol conversion (Kaplan et al, 1980). Previous research has shown that D. viridis grows optimally in 1.0 -1.5 M NaCl and tolerates up to 4.0 M NaCl whereas D. salina grows best in 2.0 M NaCl and tolerates up to 6.0 M NaCl (Borowitzka et al, 1977). However D. viridis has been reported to grow optimally at 5.8 M NaCl and temperature of 30 o C (Jimenez and Niell, 1991).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Salinity on the Growth Parameters of Halotolerant Microalgae, <i>Dunaliella spp.</i>

Abubakar¹

2017

Nig J Bas App Sci

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Dunaliella strains (T35, T36 and T37) were isolated from saline river of Namibia. The effects of salinity stress on their growth and pigment content was investigated. The specific growth rate (µ) of Dunaliella was established in a controlled environment. NaCl concentration has a strong effect on the growth rate and generation time of these halotolerant microalgae. Dunaliella strains were shown to withstand large variations of salinity of the growth medium, 0.5 -4.0 M NaCl. The optimum conditions for their growth were 1.0 M NaCl at 25 o C, pH 7.5 and 45 µmol m -2 s -1 . Increasing salinity from 1.0 to 4.0 M NaCl decreased cell density by 40 %. Increased cellular chlorophyll content was observed form 2 to 14 days of inoculation for all the three strains investigated. However, after day 10 of inoculation there was no significant difference in the pigment content per cell in all strains (p ≤ 0.05). This study shows that there is a good relationship between growth rate and efficient photosynthetic apparatus during the cultivation.

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The salt relations of Dunaliella

Cited by 93 publications

References 12 publications

Comparison of prokaryotic community structure from Mediterranean and Atlantic saltern concentrator ponds by a metagenomic approach

Comparison of prokaryotic community structure from Mediterranean and Atlantic saltern concentrator ponds by a metagenomic approach

Changes in the ordering of lipids in the membrane of Dunaliella in response to osmotic-pressure changes. An e.s.r. study

Effect of Salinity on the Growth Parameters of Halotolerant Microalgae, <i>Dunaliella spp.</i>

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