1H spin lattice relaxation
rate (R
1) dispersions were acquired by
field-cycling (FC) NMR relaxometry
between 0.01 and 35 MHz over a wide temperature range on polyisoprene
(IR), polybutadiene (BR), and poly(styrene-co-butadiene)
(SBR) rubbers, obtained by vulcanization under different conditions,
and on the corresponding uncured elastomers. By exploiting the frequency–temperature
superposition principle, χ″(ωτs) master curves were constructed by shifting the total FC NMR susceptibility,
χ″(ω) = ωR
1(ω),
curves along the frequency axis by the correlation times for glassy
dynamics, τs. Longer τs values and,
correspondingly, higher glass transition temperatures were determined
for the sulfur-cured elastomers with respect to the uncured ones,
which increased by increasing the cross-link density, whereas no significant
changes were found for fragility. The contribution of polymer dynamics,
χ
pol
″(ω), to χ″(ω)
was singled out by subtracting the contribution of glassy dynamics,
χ
glass
″(ω), well represented using a
Cole–Davidson spectral density. For all elastomers, χ
pol
″(ω) was found to represent a small fraction, on the order of
0.05–0.14, of the total χ″(ω), which did
not show a significant dependence on cross-link density. In the investigated
temperature and frequency ranges, polymer dynamics was found to encompass
regimes I (Rouse dynamics) and II (constrained Rouse dynamics) of
the tube reptation model for the uncured elastomers and only regime
I for the vulcanized ones. This is clear evidence that chemical cross-links
impose constraints on chain dynamics on a larger space and time scale
than free Rouse modes.