The Selected Method and Tools for Performance Measurement in the Green Supply Chain—Survey Analysis in Poland

Abstract

The methods and tools for the performance measurement and evaluation of the green supply chain management are very important elements for the construction and function of this type of supply chain. The result is a presentation of the considerations underlying a very general model, which presents some selected tools, but no breakdown of individual industries. The considerations undertaken are important and have scientific added value as usually in practice, a very large number of tools are used to assess the supply chain, which are not always correlated or adapted to the specificity of the chain. It is worth pointing out which of the already used or completely new tools and methods will be most useful for assessing the green supply chain. The structure of the paper covers the theoretical and empirical. It includes an introduction, our goals and hypotheses, state of the art, methodology, empirical findings, and discussion. We present the definitional differences between green and sustainable supply chains and focus on the selection and identification of methods for the framework model for evaluating the green supply chain. In the next step, the theoretical and selected method and tools were compared to a survey of Poland. On the basis of the survey, we present the findings and discussions found in this area. The main methodology used includes a literature review, a survey analysis using a questionnaire and statistical tools. The survey was carried out in 2015 in sample organizations in Poland. The research results showed that organizations were aware of the environmental elements of measuring and assessing the supply chain from an environmental point of view, but their use depended on many factors: the area, size of the organization, or the industry. If certain boundary conditions are met and the organizations are aware of the essence of environmental aspects in the chain, then they are applying green measures to the supply chain. These findings provide a glimpse into the measurement system and show that organizations still have yet to understand the essence of green and sustainable performance measurement, the meaning of its application, and the benefits it brings. However, traditional measurement still plays a large role, so it is important to reflect on how to convince organizations to pay more attention to environmental aspects, while at the same time applying a green supply chain assessment model. These results are a framework in which to start building a green supply chain assessment model. The empirical research aimed to answer the question of whether theoretical and sustainable management tools have already played a role in perceiving and assessing the green supply chain.

Implementing Sustainable Supply Chain Management: Reactive, Cooperative, and Dynamic Models

“…Based on the content review of the literature, we found that the SSCM implementation practices typically extend existing SCM practices into the realm of sustainability [30]. Markman and Krause [33] argue that sustainable practices should satisfy two inseparable criteria: (1) they must enhance ecological health, meet ethical standards to enhance social justice, and improve economic vitality; and (2) they must prioritize the environment first, society second, and economics third.…”

“…The selection of cases was based on the Airiti Library online database, the most comprehensive collections of scholarly Journals in the Chinese research community, which was available to help conduct our targeted literature search (most selected papers were written in Chinese with English abstracts and some papers were written in English). From the historical development perspective, the sustainable considerations of the supply chain first evolved into the green supply chain in early 2000, and then become more widely labeled as SSCM in mid-2000 [30]. Next, using the keywords of "Sustainable Supply Chain" and "Green Supply Chain" between the years 2000 and 2018, it yielded 180 papers including journal papers, conference papers, and unpublished theses.…”

Roles and Perspectives When Estimating Energy and Environmental Potentials of Urban Consolidation

“…However, the measurements selected and used in the evaluation are very much in line with those put forward in present literature (see e.g., [7,14,36,40]). However, the municipality's call for additional measurements targeting more local aspects regarding the transport situation, work environment as well as the positive results of increased information quality due to improved order and structure, do point at the need for also including more qualitative aspects to the equation, in line with Tundys and Wiśniewski [30] stating that sustainable performance measurement in supply chain should include qualitative indicators. Besides this, by considering energy usage, the efficiency of the system was targeted, adding the economic dimension to variables furthermost aiming to capture the environmental and social consequences of the initiative.…”

“…Performance measurements and the use of indicators are useful for decision making, estimating progress and improvements as well as enabling comparisons and benchmarking [28], and are of importance to monitor the sustainability of transport [29]. Furthermore, measurement and evaluation can provide justification for the implementation of green supply chain initiatives [30].…”

“…Furthermore, frequent environmental performance indicators in the logistics literature are fill rate, technology (for example age of vehicles and the fuels and engines), air emissions, outlets of CO 2 , and energy use (see e.g., [40]). Furthermore, supply chain environmental performance measurements should also include qualitative indicators such as management involvement, green image, and accidents [30].…”