The Semipalatinsk nuclear test site: a first analysis of solid cancer incidence (selected sites) due to test-related radiation

Gusev, Boris I.; Rosenson, Rafail I.; Abylkassimova, Zh. N.

doi:10.1007/s004110050119

Cited by 32 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…As far as the health effects of these explosions are concerned, the archival material available is scanty and incomplete. Epidemiological studies performed on the Kazakhstan population over a 27-year-observation period reported a significant increase of malignant tumours [6]. It is worth noting that the mortality risk from all types of malignant tumours was almost the same for residents in the Semipalatinsk area and A-bomb survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic biomonitoring carried out in a village (Dolon) adjacent to the Semipalatinsk nuclear weapon test site

Testa¹,

Stronati²,

Ranaldi³

et al. 2001

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics

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The Semipalatinsk region (Kazakhstan Republic) has been affected by extensive radioactive contamination due to more than 450 nuclear tests of which almost 100 were exploded in the atmosphere. The present results refer to cytogenetic assessments in a study cohort of the population of Dolon, a settlement located on the NE boundary of the nuclear weapon test site, which was exposed to elevated doses of ionising radiation primarily due to the first Soviet nuclear test in 1949. Conventional cytogenetic analyses were carried out on 21 blood samples from individuals (more than 50 years old) living in Dolon since the very beginning of nuclear testing. A matched control group included 20 individuals living in non-contaminated areas. Higher frequencies of chromosome aberrations were found in the Dolon cohort compared to the control group, even though they remain within the range of the background levels reported for large normal human population studies on elderly individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic biomonitoring carried out in a village (Dolon) adjacent to the Semipalatinsk nuclear weapon test site

Testa¹,

Stronati²,

Ranaldi³

et al. 2001

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics

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“…An earlier analysis on the basis of several crosssectional incidence studies that have been carried out every 5 years, revealed a higher cancer incidence in the exposed area compared to the unexposed area [5].…”

Section: Forthcoming Data Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fallout from nuclear tests: health effects in Kazakhstan

Grosche

Land

Bauer

et al. 2002

Radiat Environ Biophys

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Nuclear bomb testing was carried out under conditions of secrecy at the Semipalatinsk test site (STS) between 1949 and 1962. The first test on August 29, 1949 unexpectedly contaminated villages to the northeast, both in Kazakhstan and the Altai region of Russian Siberia. In Kazakhstan, extensive measurements were made of fallout concentration on the ground and there were efforts, which were not always successful, to avoid future fallout contamination of population centers. As soon as evidence appeared of excess leukemia risk among the survivors of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and among medically exposed populations, attention turned to potential health consequences in the population near the STS. In 1957, a secret medical institution, specializing in oncology and designated 'Dispensary Number 4', was established in Semipalatinsk to perform diagnostic and clinical ward, to collect data on the population's health status in the Semipalatinsk oblast, and to collect various material for possible future analysis. The Kazakh Research Institute for Radiation Medicine and Ecology (KRIRME), which was founded in 1991, inherited the functions and the formerly top secret health archives of Dispensary No. 4. These archival data including the information on the KRIRME study population of residents of heavily exposed and less exposed villages in the oblast, are the basis for a number of international collaborative projects focussed on fallout exposure and possible health effects in the exposed population.

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“…In addition, a cross-sectional study on the health status of the population was carried out at 5-year intervals. The results of these cross-sectional studies have been published earlier [13]. The basic data for the cohort study is described in [6].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%