The sensitivity and specificity of the Major Depression Inventory, using the Present State Examination as the index of diagnostic validity

Bech, Per; Rasmussen, N. A.; Olsen, Lise Raabæk; Noerholm, V.; Abildgaard, W.

doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(00)00309-8

Cited by 840 publications

(683 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The Major Depression Inventory (MDI) [12,13] was used to assess the presence of depressive symptomatology. The MDI includes 12 items tapping various depressive symptoms (e.g.…”

Section: Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greater number of group identifications is associated with lower odds of being depressed: evidence from a Scottish community sample

Sani

Madhok²,

Norbury

et al. 2015

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Purpose Group identification has been shown to be associated with reduced risk of depression, but this research has important limitations. Our aim was to establish a robust link between group identification and depression whilst overcoming previous studies' shortcomings. Methods 1824 participants, recruited from General Practice throughout Scotland, completed a questionnaire measuring their identification with three groups (family, community, and a group of their choice), as well as their intensity of contact with each group. They also completed a self-rated depression measure and provided demographic information. Their medical records were also accessed to determine if they had been prescribed antidepressants in the previous 6 months. Results The number of group identifications was associated with both lower self-rated depression and lower odds of having received a prescription for antidepressants, even after controlling for the number of contact-intensive groups, level of education, gender, age, and relationship status. Conclusions Identifying with multiple groups may help to protect individuals against depression. This highlights the potential importance of social prescriptions, where health professionals encourage a depressed patient to become a member of one or more groups with which the patient believes he/she would be likely to identify.

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“…The Major Depression Inventory (MDI) [12,13] was used to assess the presence of depressive symptomatology. The MDI includes 12 items tapping various depressive symptoms (e.g.…”

Section: Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greater number of group identifications is associated with lower odds of being depressed: evidence from a Scottish community sample

Sani

Madhok²,

Norbury

et al. 2015

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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“…The number of items is reduced to 9 by combining items 4 and 5 (which belong to the same category in DSM-IV) and considering only the item with the higher score. A score of 4 or 5 (that is, most of the time or all the time) is required on 5 of the 9 items, but at least 1 of these 5 items must be either item 1 (depressed mood) or item 2 (loss of interest) [3].…”

Section: Major Depression Inventory Arabic Version (Mdi-a)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Major Depression Inventory (MDI), developed by Bech et al for the World Health Organization in 2001 [3], was based on the DSM-IV symptoms of major depression and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision (ICD-10) category of moderate to severe depression which includes both duration and intensity criteria. The MDI can be used as a diagnostic instrument in which the items are dichotomized to indicate the presence or absence of each of the symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabic version of the Major Depression Inventory as a diagnostic tool: reliability and concurrent and discriminant validity

Fawzi

Fawzi²,

Abu-Hindi³

2012

East Mediterr Health J

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The Major Depression Inventory (MDI) is a brief questionnaire to assess the presence of a depressive disorder. We prepared an Arabic version of the MDI and tested its reliability and concurrent and discriminant validity as a diagnostic tool of major depressive disorder. A group of 50 Egyptian outpatients with major depressive disorder (assessed clinically and with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders) were compared with 50 healthy controls using the MDI-A, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Cronbach α was 0.91 and intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.98 (95% CI: 0.97-0.99). Scores on the MDI-A strongly correlated with BDI scores (r = 0.81) but insignificantly correlated with STAI scores. Using the MDI scoring algorithm, the sensitivity was 88.4% and specificity 78.9%. We conclude that the MDI-A has an excellent reliability and an acceptable concurrent and discriminant validity.

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“…The complete sample of participants underwent a screening assessment including mental health questionnaires (Major Depression Inventory (Bech, Rasmussen, Olsen, Noerholm, & Abildgaard, 2001); DIA‐X for axis I disorders for DSM‐IV (Wittchen & Pfister, 1997); and a clinical diagnostic interview (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV, SKID‐I (Wittchen, Zaudig, & Fydrich, 1997)) to ensure that they were psychologically healthy. For more details about the selection criteria, see Singer et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in emotional self‐concept following socio‐cognitive training relates to structural plasticity of the prefrontal cortex

et al. 2018

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IntroductionSelf‐referential processing is a key component of the emotional self‐concept. Previous studies have shown that emotional self‐referential processing is related to structure and function of cortical midline areas such as medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and that it can be altered on a behavioral level by specific mental training practices. However, it remains unknown how behavioral training‐related change in emotional self‐concept content relates to structural plasticity.MethodsTo address this issue, we examined the relationship between training‐induced change in participant's emotional self‐concept measured through emotional word use in the Twenty Statement Test and change in cortical thickness in the context of a large‐scale longitudinal mental training study called the ReSource Project.ResultsBased on prior behavioral findings showing increased emotional word use particularly after socio‐cognitive training targeting perspective‐taking capacities, this study extended these results by revealing that individual differences in the degree to which participants changed their emotional self‐concept after training was positively related to cortical thickness change in right mPFC extending to dorsolateral PFC (dlPFC). Furthermore, increased self‐related negative emotional word use after training was positively associated with cortical thickness change in left pars orbitalis and bilateral dlPFC.ConclusionsOur findings reveal training‐related structural brain change in regions known to be involved in self‐referential processing and cognitive control, and could indicate a relationship between restructuring of the emotional self‐concept content as well as reappraisal of negative aspects and cortical thickness change. As such, our findings can guide the development of psychological interventions targeted to alter specific facets of the self‐concept.

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The sensitivity and specificity of the Major Depression Inventory, using the Present State Examination as the index of diagnostic validity

Cited by 840 publications

References 6 publications

Greater number of group identifications is associated with lower odds of being depressed: evidence from a Scottish community sample

Greater number of group identifications is associated with lower odds of being depressed: evidence from a Scottish community sample

Arabic version of the Major Depression Inventory as a diagnostic tool: reliability and concurrent and discriminant validity

Change in emotional self‐concept following socio‐cognitive training relates to structural plasticity of the prefrontal cortex

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