The sensitivity of the IOP-29 and IOP-M to coached feigning of depression and mTBI: An online simulation study in a community sample from the United Kingdom

Bosi, Jessica; Minassian, Laure; Ales, Francesca; Akca, Ali Yunus Emre; Winters, Christina; Viglione, Donald J.; Zennaro, Alessandro; Giromini, Luciano

doi:10.1080/23279095.2022.2115910

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Finally, 17 studies were selected for analysis. Viglione et al (2017) includes three different studies (cited in this article as 2017a, 2017b, and 2017c), and Pignolo et al (2021) and Bosi et al (2022) contained estimates from two independent samples, therefore, estimates from 21 independent samples were included…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Inventory of Problems–29 (IOP-29): A systematic review and bivariate diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis.

Puente-López¹,

Pina²,

López‐Nicolás³

et al. 2023

Psychological Assessment

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29 (IOP-29) is a 29-item self-administered symptom validity test (SVT) that assesses the credibility of clinical presentations related to posttraumatic stress disorder, depression/anxiety, psychosis, cognitive impairment and combination thereof. To date, no publications have summarized the classification accuracy of the IOP-29 using a bivariate meta-analytical approach that preserves the twodimensional nature of the estimators. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review and bivariate diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis of the IOP-29 according to the relevant guidelines. Twenty-one independent samples were included, with a total sample size of 4,163 participants. The results indicated that the IOP-29 is able to discriminate adequately between instructed simulators and healthy controls/clinical patients. Using the recommended cutoff (False Disorder Probability Score [FDS], ≥.50), a sensitivity of 82% was achieved, maintaining specificity at 93% (false positive rate of 7%). The language of the test and the type of comparison group have been identified as possible sources of heterogeneity. Specificity decreases for the non-English version of the IOP-29, for the FDS ≥ .30, and also decreases for studies using clinical controls, for all three cutoff scores. In general, our findings support the usefulness of the IOP-29 as an SVT; however, most of the included studies use a simulation design and have been coauthored by the test authors. Likewise, about half of the studies did not include bona fide patient controls but only nonclinical controls. The results obtained are highly promising, but further research, especially that using the criterion group paradigm, is recommended. Public Significance StatementFollowing a bivariate meta-analytic model, we have evaluated the discriminative ability of the IOP-29, a novel symptom validity test. The results obtained indicate that it is able to discriminate adequately between instructed simulators and healthy controls/clinical patients.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Inventory of Problems–29 (IOP-29): A systematic review and bivariate diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis.

Puente-López¹,

Pina²,

López‐Nicolás³

et al. 2023

Psychological Assessment

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“…Although the IOP-29 was introduced relatively recently, in 2017 (Viglione et al, 2017), there are already numerous published research articles in the literature, including a quantitative literature review (Giromini & Viglione, 2022) and a bivariate diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis (Puente-López et al, 2023). Of note, these research studies have been conducted in many different countries, including the United States (Holcomb et al, 2023), United Kingdom (Bosi et al, 2022; Winters et al, 2021), Australia (Gegner et al, 2022), Belgium (Blavier et al (2023), France (Banovic et al, 2022), Portugal (Giromini, Barbosa, et al, 2020), Italy (Giromini et al, 2018; Pignolo et al, 2023; Roma et al, 2020), Lithuania (Ilgunaite et al, 2022), Norway (Grønnerød et al, 2023), Slovenia (Šömen et al, 2021), Brazil (Carvalho et al, 2021), and the Netherlands (Boskovic et al, 2022), leading to very similar results in all these different cultural contexts. Perhaps more importantly, the quantitative literature review by Giromini and Viglione (2022) also demonstrated that the IOP-29 provides incremental validity when used in conjunction with established SVTs such as the MMPI or PAI validity scales or established PVTs such as the Test of Memory Malingering (Tombaugh, 1996), suggesting that it could be a useful addition to the toolbox of assessors conducting a multimethod assessment of symptom and/or performance validity.…”

Section: Current Guidelines For Assessing Performance and Symptom Val...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The ecological validity of the IOP-29: A follow-up study using the MMPI-2-RF and the SIMS as criterion variables.

Roma,

Giromini,

Sellbom

et al. 2023

Psychological Assessment

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Current guidelines for conducting symptom validity assessments require that professionals administer multiple symptom validity tests (SVTs) and that the SVTs selected for their evaluations provide nonredundant information. However, not many SVTs are currently available, and most of them rely on the same, (in)frequency-based, feigning detection strategy. In this context, the Inventory of Problems (IOP-29) could be a valuable addition to the assessor’s toolbox because of its brevity (29 items) and its different approach to assessing the credibility of presented symptoms. As its ecological validity has been poorly investigated, the present study used a criterion groups design to examine the classification accuracy of the IOP-29 in a data set of 174 court-ordered psychological evaluations focused on psychological injury. The validity scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2 Restructured Form and the total score of the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptoms were used as criterion variables. Overall, the results of this study confirm that the IOP-29 is an effective measure (1.70 ≤ d ≤ 2.67) that provides valuable information when added to the multimethod assessment of symptom validity in civil forensic contexts.

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The Inventory of Problems–29 is a Cross-Culturally Valid Symptom Validity Test: Initial Validation in a Turkish Community Sample

Akca,

Tepedelen,

Uysal

et al. 2023

Psychol. Inj. and Law

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Because the actuarial evidence base for symptom validity tests (SVTs) is developed in a specific population, it is unclear whether their clinical utility is transferable to a population with different demographic characteristics. To address this, we report here the validation study of a recently developed free-standing SVT, the Inventory of Problems-29 (IOP-29), in a Turkish community sample. We employed a mixed design with a simulation paradigm: The Turkish IOP–29 was presented to the same participants (N = 125; 53.6% female; age range: 19–53) three times in an online format, with instructions to respond honestly (HON), randomly (RND), and attempt to feign a psychiatric disorder (SIM) based on different vignettes. In the SIM condition, participants were presented with one of three scripts instructing them to feign either schizophrenia (SIM-SCZ), depression (SIM-DEP), or posttraumatic stress disorder (SIM-PTSD). As predicted, the Turkish IOP–29 is effective in discriminating between credible and noncredible presentations and equally sensitive to feigning of different psychiatric disorders: The standard cutoff (FDS ≥ .50) is uniformly sensitive (90.2% to 92.9%) and yields a specificity of 88%. Random responding produces FDS scores more similar to those of noncredible presentations, and the random responding score (RRS) has incremental validity in distinguishing random responding from feigned and honest responding. Our findings reveal that the classification accuracy of the IOP–29 is stable across administration languages, feigned clinical constructs, and geographic regions. Validation of the Turkish IOP–29 will be a valuable addition to the limited availability of SVTs in Turkish. We discuss limitations and future directions.

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The sensitivity of the IOP-29 and IOP-M to coached feigning of depression and mTBI: An online simulation study in a community sample from the United Kingdom

Cited by 8 publications

References 75 publications

The Inventory of Problems–29 (IOP-29): A systematic review and bivariate diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis.

The Inventory of Problems–29 (IOP-29): A systematic review and bivariate diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis.

The ecological validity of the IOP-29: A follow-up study using the MMPI-2-RF and the SIMS as criterion variables.

The Inventory of Problems–29 is a Cross-Culturally Valid Symptom Validity Test: Initial Validation in a Turkish Community Sample

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