The Severity of Environmental Pollution in the Developing Countries and Its Remedial Measures

Abstract

Environmental pollution has a great impact on human health, ecosystems, and financial development. This paper depicts the recent studies on the severity of environmental pollution in developing countries. Its remedial measures were based on a questionnaire survey in the polluted sites, which collected data and information on the types, causes, effects, sources, and duration of environmental pollution, obtained from available publications and newspaper information reported in recent years. A total of 400 respondents from 10 zones of Dhaka City Corporation, Bangladesh, were interviewed as a case study via a semi-structured questionnaire survey. The results revealed that only 39.0% of respondents had explicit knowledge about environmental pollution. Air pollution was identified by 73.8%, noise pollution by 63.0%, water pollution by 55.2%, and soil pollution by only 6.5% of respondents in their surroundings. Automobiles, domestic activities, municipal garbage, and vehicle horns are significant sources of environmental pollutions. Around 49.0% of the respondents did not understand the effectiveness of currently conducted environmental programs. A discussion regarding the urgency of forming a local level environmental committee, the mass media’s active role, and monitoring the development activities was presented.

Air Pollution in Bangladesh and Its Consequences

“…As a result, many signi cant infrastructure projects, like roads, rail, bridges, and large buildings, have been undertaken. These projects have led to environmental degradation, dust production, and displacement of communities without proper safety and environmental precautions (Nahar et al, 2021). The road dust and soil dust from these construction projects are signi cant contributors to air pollutants, especially PM, during the dry season (DOE, 2018, 2019).…”

Estimating ground-level PM2.5 using subset regression model and machine learning algorithms in Asian megacity, Dhaka, Bangladesh

“…With rapid industrialization, population growth, and vehicular activities, South Asian cities have become the major hotspots of PM emissions (Rahman et al 2021). These increasing air pollution pressures are leading to environmental risks as well as human health risks that will cost $8.1 trillion worldwide in 2019, equivalent to 6.1% of world GDP (Nahar et al 2021). Thus, it is important to monitor the spatiotemporal variations in air pollutants.…”

“…As per the literature, the prominent causes identified for high pollution in and around the city were vehicular emissions, bio-fuel burning for domestic and industrial purposes, and brick kilns (Begum and Hopke 2018). Before 1999, relatively inadequate and ineffective attempts were made to control and regulate industrial and vehicular emissions, with limited success in administrative efforts to mitigate air pollution (Nahar et al 2021). Different long-and short-term studies (Begum and Hopke 2018;Islam et al 2020;Rahman et al 2020) have reported that unplanned urbanization in Dhaka to accommodate the huge population and the above-mentioned causes of air pollution have increased PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations with very high toxicity potential values (Zaman et al 2021).…”

Environmental Knowledge and Policy Sustainability: A Study of Pro Environmental Policy Support among the Southeast Nigerian Rural Communities

“…The need for environmental knowledge and knowledge of the extant policies as well as sustainability actions cannot be over emphasized in view of the value of such to healthy living and sustainable development. Equally, the negative implication of unhealthy environment has over the time surfaced among different populations world over warranting, the aspiration for environmental sustainability [2][3][4][5][6][7]. The symbiotic relationship between the natural environment and man, which reinforce the healthiness of the natural environment as well as the carrying capacity to sustain man, has been certified through empirical substantiation as the unseen conduit for sustainability [8].…”