The Shedding Reaction in Arbacia punctulata

Palmer, Louise

doi:10.1086/physzool.10.3.30151418

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Since oocytes of holothurians, crinoids, asteroids, and ophiuroids remain attached to their follicles by intercellular junctions, injection of potassium ions into the coelom fails to induce spawning in these echinoderms in contrast to the condition in echinoids (Palmer, 1937). In spite of the fact that excess potassium ions cause muscle cells to contract in all echinoderms, the oocytes (as opposed to ova) cannot be expelled because they retain these connections to the somatic inner epithelium.…”

Section: Oocyte Ovulationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Echinoderm oocytes must be ovulated before they are spawned (Holland, 1988;Holland and Dan, 1975;Schroeder, 1971;Smiley and Cloney, 1985); ovulation therefore entails the severing of the junctional connections between the oocytes and the somatic cells of the inner epithelium of the ovary. Since oocytes of holothurians, crinoids, asteroids, and ophiuroids remain attached to their follicles by intercellular junctions, injection of potassium ions into the coelom fails to induce spawning in these echinoderms in contrast to the condition in echinoids (Palmer, 1937). In spite of the fact that excess potassium ions cause muscle cells to contract in all echinoderms, the oocytes (as opposed to ova) cannot be expelled because they retain these connections to the somatic inner epithelium.…”

Section: Oocyte Ovulationmentioning

confidence: 98%

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A review of echinoderm oogenesis

Smiley

1990

J. Elec. Microsc. Tech.

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This review of the anatomical, histological, biochemical, and molecular biological literature on echinoderm oogenesis includes the entire developmental history of oocytes; from their inception to the time they become ova. This is done from a comparative perspective, with reference to members of the five extant echinoderm classes; crinoids, holothurians, asteroids, ophiuroids, and echinoids. I describe the anatomy and fine structure of the echinoderm ovary, with emphasis on both the cellular relationships of the germ line cells to the somatic cells of the inner epithelium, and on the neuromuscular systems. I review the literature on the growth of oogonia into fully formed oocytes, including the process of vitellogenesis, presenting an ultrastructural analysis of the organelles and extracellular structures found in fully formed echinoderm oocytes. Echinoderm oocyte maturation is reviewed and a description of the ultrastructural, biochemical and molecular biological changes thought to occur during this process is presented. Finally, I discuss oocyte ovulation, the severing of cellular connections between the oocyte and its surrounding somatic epithelial cells.

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Section: Oocyte Ovulationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Oocyte Ovulationmentioning

confidence: 98%

A review of echinoderm oogenesis

Smiley

1990

J. Elec. Microsc. Tech.

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“…The synchrony of spawning may further be enhanced because gametes, or pheromones released with gametes, induce spawning (Gemmill 1914, 1920, Fox 1924, Mac Ginite & Mac Ginite 1949, Hyman 1955, Rothschild 1956, Lewis 1958, Reese 1966, Kennedy & Pearse 1975, Hunmelman 1981, Iliffe & Pearse 1982). Nevertheless, some workers have been unable to stimulate spawning using gametes from conspecifics (Gemmill 1900, Palmer 1937, Pennington 1985. High sperm concentrations stimulated spawning in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, but only after a period of 2 d or more (Starr et al 1990).…”

Section: Synergistic Effect Of Spermmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and properties of a substance from the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum which induces spawning in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis

Starr¹,

Himmelman²,

Therriault³

1991

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…It was found that the mussel, }.I. californianus, spawned when mechanically shocked by scraping and byssus-pulling or even 7 Shock by injection of isotonic potassium chloride into the sea urchin Arbacia (46) and the mussel, M. edulis (134), induces spawning and has been used as a means for sexing urchins (23). Electric shock is also successful in mussels (133) by turbulent waters after a period of calm waters (88, 89).…”

Section: Induction Of Spawning In Marine Invertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Physiology: Annual Reproductive Cycles of Marine Invertebrates

Giese¹

1959

Annu. Rev. Physiol.

393

166

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Interest in the study of the physiology of reproduction is of relatively recent date and has developed largely in the last forty years. Interest in the physiology of reproduction of the invertebrates is of even more recent date. In fact, the most complete and up-to-date compendium of compara tive animal physiology (1) omits the subject entirely. Yet it is known that in the invertebrate world exists a diversity of modes of reproduction from primitive to highly evolved, asexual3 as well as sexual (2,3,125,126). Here is to be seen, so to speak, the evolution of the animal reproductive process, a procession of nature's fascinating experiments. Investigators have to some extent realized the opportunities for such studies, and many articles on the physiology of reproduction in invertebrates are widely scattered in the literature in a variety of journals. Neglect of discussion of the physiology of the reproductive processes of the invertebrates, then, has not been for lack of material but rather for lack of a synthesis of the existing literature.It would be impossible in a single brief review to cover completely the physiology of invertebrate reproduction, desirable as it might be. Rather, this review considers only the annual reproductive cycles of marine inver tebrates, with special emphasis on papers which include interesting view points, experimental approaches, or provocative material.A few general references which give considerable information on annual reproductive cycles of marine invertebrates are: the Handbook of Biological Data (4), in which is found a table containing breeding seasons and related data for invertebrates from various places; a book on methods for obtaining and handling marine eggs and embryos (5) of East Coast invertebrates (particularly for animals from the Woods Hole area); a paper (6) on New Zealand invertebrates; two books (7, 8) and several papers (9, 10) on West 1 The information in this article covers the literature as far back as seemed feasible to go and includes citations up to August, 1958. Wherever possible, reference is given to key review articles which give references to older literature. If important or inter esting work was omitted, it was unintentional.2 I am indebted to the staff of the Stanford Biological Libraries: Mr. F. Falconer, Chief Science Librarian, Miss Joanne Dandois, and Mr. Michael Sadoski without whose help it would have been impossible to make the extensive bibliographic search.3 Asexual reproduction occurs in many groups of animals, among them the Pro tozoa, Porifera, Coelenterata, Platyhelminthes, Rotifera, Tunicata, and certain Annelida (Polychaeta). These are dealt with in general works (2, 3) on the inverte brates. Considerable research on polychaetes is referred to by Durchon (123). Dode caceria, one of the most interesting of the polychaetes, has a remarkable capacity for asexual reproduction, and Martin's paper (125) and references cited by him should be consulted for information. 547 Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1959.21:547-576. Downloaded from www.annualrevie...

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The Shedding Reaction in Arbacia punctulata

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

A review of echinoderm oogenesis

A review of echinoderm oogenesis

Isolation and properties of a substance from the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum which induces spawning in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis

Comparative Physiology: Annual Reproductive Cycles of Marine Invertebrates

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