The shock tube pyrolysis of pyridine

Memon, Hafeez Ur Rahman; Bartle, Keith D.; Taylor, John M.; Williams, Alan

doi:10.1002/1099-114x(20001025)24:13<1141::aid-er653>3.0.co;2-s

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Ncontaining monocyclic model compounds investigated to date include pyrrole, pyridine, 2-picoline and pyrrolidine [2]. Extensive studies of the pyrolysis, oxidation and combustion of pyrrole [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and pyridine [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] have been performed; both are aromatic compounds with unsaturated bonds. In contrast, information on the pyrolysis and 1540-7489/$ -see front matter Ó 2010 The Combustion Institute.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and theoretical studies on decomposition of pyrrolidine

Wang¹,

Lucassen²,

Zhang³

et al. 2011

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and theoretical studies on decomposition of pyrrolidine

Wang¹,

Lucassen²,

Zhang³

et al. 2011

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

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“…The pyrolysis studies of pyridine, 2-methylpyridine and 3-methylpyridine by the group of Mackie [20][21][22][23][24] and the work by Memon et al [25] provided some insights into the high temperature chemistry relevant to the NPD. The following observations relevant to the present study follow from their work: a.…”

Section: Impact Of Molecular Structure Of Isomers On Cyano-radical Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…b. Propagation reactions leading to decomposition of 2and 3-methylpyridine formed hydrogen (H 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), pyridine (C 5 H 5 N), acetylene (C 2 H 2 ), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and cyanoacetylene (HCCCN) as major products [21,24]. Hydrogen, acetylene, hydrogen cyanide and cyanoacetylene were major products from pyridine pyrolysis [20], and at short context time pyridine pyrolysis produced acetylene, butadiene (C 4 H 6 ) and methylnitrile (CH 3 CH) as major initial products [25]. Any differences in the decomposition pathways between these compounds that could give rise to a difference in NPD response must therefore be related to the initial rate and amount of cyanide formation and not due to the overall decomposition reaction network.…”

Section: Impact Of Molecular Structure Of Isomers On Cyano-radical Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds: quantitative analysis using gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detector

Rao

Klerk

2021

Appl Petrochem Res

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The nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds found in the petrochemical industry are varied and extend beyond classes such as the anilines, pyrroles and pyridines. Quantification of these nitrogen-containing compounds that may occur in complex mixtures has practical application for quality assurance, process development and the evaluation of conversion processes. Selective detection of nitrogen-containing species in complex mixtures is possible by making use of gas chromatography coupled with a nitrogen phosphorous detector (GC-NPD), which is also called a thermionic detector. Despite the linearity of the NPD response to individual nitrogen-containing compounds, the response factor is different for different compounds and even isomers of the same species. Quantitative analysis using an NPD requires species-specific calibration. The reason for the sensitivity of the NPD to structure is related to the ease of forming the cyano-radical that is ionized to the cyanide anion, which is detected. The operation of the NPD was related to the processes of pyrolysis and subsequent ionization. It was possible to offer plausible explanations for differences in response factors for isomers based on pyrolysis chemistry. Due to this relationship, the NPD response can in the same way be used to provide information of practical relevance beyond its analytical value and a few possible applications were outlined.

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“…The collected tars were analyzed offline using GC-MS 34,35 . Simultaneous pyrolysis of toluene and pyridine showed a difference in soot formation tendency compared to pyridine pyrolysis, indicating the complex nature of the free-radical reactions 31,36 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…. Additionally thermal decomposition shock tube experiments were performed for pyridine at elevated temperatures resulting in comparable product spectra 31,32 . Product yields in these studies have been determined by applying GC's equipped with a FID, a nitrogen-phosphorus detector (NPD) 31 , a mass spectrometer (MS) 32 and a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

On-line Analysis of Nitrogen Containing Compounds in Complex Hydrocarbon Matrixes

Ristic

Djokic

Marin

2016

JoVE

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The shift to heavy crude oils and the use of alternative fossil resources such as shale oil are a challenge for the petrochemical industry. The composition of heavy crude oils and shale oils varies substantially depending on the origin of the mixture. In particular they contain an increased amount of nitrogen containing compounds compared to the conventionally used sweet crude oils. As nitrogen compounds have an influence on the operation of thermal processes occurring in coker units and steam crackers, and as some species are considered as environmentally hazardous, a detailed analysis of the reactions involving nitrogen containing compounds under pyrolysis conditions provides valuable information. Therefore a novel method has been developed and validated with a feedstock containing a high nitrogen content, i.e., a shale oil. First, the feed was characterized offline by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) coupled with a nitrogen chemiluminescence detector (NCD). In a second step the on-line analysis method was developed and tested on a steam cracking pilot plant by feeding pyridine dissolved in heptane. The former being a representative compound for one of the most abundant classes of compounds present in shale oil. The composition of the reactor effluent was determined via an in-house developed automated sampling system followed by immediate injection of the sample on a GC × GC coupled with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF-MS), flame ionization detector (FID) and NCD. A novel method for quantitative analysis of nitrogen containing compounds using NCD and 2-chloropyridine as an internal standard has been developed and demonstrated.

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The shock tube pyrolysis of pyridine

Cited by 31 publications

References 9 publications

Experimental and theoretical studies on decomposition of pyrrolidine

Experimental and theoretical studies on decomposition of pyrrolidine

Nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds: quantitative analysis using gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detector

On-line Analysis of Nitrogen Containing Compounds in Complex Hydrocarbon Matrixes

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