The Shoulder

Mercier, Lonnie R.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-03618-4.10005-9

Cited by 3 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Flatfoot, a common musculoskeletal disorder in adulthood, manifests as low or absent height of the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) while bearing weight, typically combined with forefoot abduction and rear foot eversion [1]. The prevalence of flexible flatfoot has been reported to be 20-30% [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Short Foot Exercise With Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Navicular Height in Flexible Flatfoot in Thailand: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Namsawang

Eungpinichpong

Vichiansiri

et al. 2019

J Prev Med Public Health

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Objectives Flatfoot, or low medial longitudinal arch, contributes to back and lower extremity injuries and is caused by weak abductor hallucis (AbdH) muscles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of short foot exercise (SFE) alone or with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on navicular height, the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the AbdH muscle, and AbdH muscle activity in flexible flatfoot. Methods Thirty-six otherwise healthy people with flexible flatfoot were randomly assigned to a group that received SFE with placebo NMES treatment (the control group) or a group that received both SFE and NMES treatment (the experimental group). Each group received 4 weeks of treatment (SFE alone or SFE with NMES). Navicular height, the CSA of the AbdH muscle, and AbdH muscle activity were assessed before and after the intervention. Results No significant differences were found in navicular height or the CSA of the AbdH muscle between the control and experimental groups, while AbdH muscle activity showed a statistically significant difference between the groups (SFE=73.9±11.0% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction [MVIC]; SFE with NMES=81.4±8.3% of MVIC; p <0.05). Moreover, the CSA of the AbdH muscle showed a statistically significant increase after treatment in the SFE with NMES group (pre-treatment=218.6±53.2 mm 2 ; post-treatment=256.9±70.5 mm 2 ; p <0.05). Conclusions SFE with NMES was more effective than SFE alone in increasing AbdH muscle activity. Therefore, SFE with NMES should be recommended to correct or prevent abnormalities in people with flexible flatfoot by a physiotherapist or medical care team.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Short Foot Exercise With Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Navicular Height in Flexible Flatfoot in Thailand: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Namsawang

Eungpinichpong

Vichiansiri

et al. 2019

J Prev Med Public Health

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“…Little league elbow is a term that is used to describe a number of pathoanatomic lesions in the immature skeleton associated with the mechanics of throwing. 1,5,8,12…”

Section: Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 The patient may report that the onset was insidious, or acute if an avulsion fracture had occurred. 2,8,12 Timing of the pain is also important to review, as pain only with throwing activities is more reassuring than pain present at rest, indicating a more serious problem. The patient may report locking or catching of the elbow, which may indicate loose body formation in the joint.…”

Section: Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, there may be a flexion contracture, a valgus deformity of the elbow with increased laxity of the ulnar collateral ligaments, and decreased ability to flex the elbow past 90°. 2,12…”

Section: Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients complain of activity-related pain focused over the tibial tubercle and distal patellar tendon, especially with jumping, running, climbing stairs, and kneeling activities, 11,12 although in the acute phase the pain may even be reported as constant. 5 The patient may walk with an antalgic gait, which is often noticed by others rather than the patient.…”

Section: Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pediatric Sports-Related Injuries

Brown

Moran²

2018

Clin Pediatr (Phila)

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At any time there are millions of athletes ages 6 to 18 years participating in sports-related activities and the number is increasing. Unfortunately, the number of overuse injuries is also on the rise. This increase is most likely associated with single-sport specialization before the onset of puberty. As physicians and health care providers, we must educate these young athletes, their parents, and coaches to ensure safety. Short breaks are recommended and everyone involved should understand the athlete should not train more than 5 days per week and must take off 2 to 4 months per year consecutively depending on the specific sport and position on the team. To understand the complexity of these overuse injuries, it is important to have knowledge of the unique characteristics of the immature musculoskeletal system, periods of rapid growth, and the function of the growth plate, which is often involved in these injuries.

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Analysis of skeletal characteristics of flat feet using three-dimensional foot scanner and digital footprint

Yamashita

Sato

et al. 2022

BioMed Eng OnLine

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Background Flat feet increase the risk of knee osteoarthritis and contribute to frailty, which may lead to worse life prognoses. The influence of the foot skeletal structure on flat feet is not yet entirely understood. Footprints are often used to evaluate feet. However, footprint-based measurements do not reflect the underlying structures of feet and are easily confounded by soft tissue. Three-dimensional evaluation of the foot shape can reveal the characteristics of flat feet. Therefore, foot shape evaluations have garnered increasing research interest. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the three-dimensional (3D) features of the foot and the measurement results of footprint and to predict the evaluation results of flat feet from the footprint based on the 3D features. Finally, the three-dimensional characteristics of flat feet, which cannot be revealed by footprint, were determined. Methods A total of 403 individuals (40–89 years) participated in this study. The proposed system was developed to identify seven skeletal features that were expected to be associated with flat feet. The loads on the soles of the feet were measured in a static standing position and with a digital footprint device. Specifically, two footprint indices were calculated: the Chippaux–Smirak index (CSI) and the Staheli index (SI). In the analysis, comparisons between male and female measurement variables were performed using the Student’s t test. The relationships between the 3D foot features and footprint index parameters were determined by employing the Pearson correlation coefficient. Multiple linear regression was utilized to identify 3D foot features that were strongly associated with the CSI and SI. Foot features identified as significant in the multivariate regression analysis were compared based on a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s post hoc test. Results The CSI and SI were highly correlated with the instep height (IH) and navicular height (NH) of the 3D foot scanning system and were also derived from multiple regression analysis. In addition to the NH and IH, the indicators of the forefoot, transverse arch width, and transverse arch height were considered. In the flat foot group with CSI values above 62.7%, NH was 13.5% (p < 0.001) for males and 14.9% (p = 0.01) for females, and the axis of the bone distance was 5.3% (p = 0.05) for males and 4.9% (p = 0.10) for females. In particular, for CSI values above 62.7% and NH values below 13%, the axis of the bone distance was large and the foot skeleton was deformed. Conclusions Decreased navicular bone height could be evaluated with the 3D foot scanning system even when flat feet were not detected from the footprint. The results indicate that the use of quantitative indices for 3D foot measurements is important when evaluating the flattening of the foot. Trial registration number UMIN000037694. Name of the registry: University Hospital Medical Information Network Registry. Date of registration: August 15, 2019.

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The Shoulder

Cited by 3 publications

References 99 publications

Effects of the Short Foot Exercise With Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Navicular Height in Flexible Flatfoot in Thailand: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Effects of the Short Foot Exercise With Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Navicular Height in Flexible Flatfoot in Thailand: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Pediatric Sports-Related Injuries

Analysis of skeletal characteristics of flat feet using three-dimensional foot scanner and digital footprint

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