The significance of decreased ambulatory activity during the generation by long-term observation of obesity in ovariectomized rats

Shimomura, Yoshiharu; Shimizu, Hiroyuki; Takahashi, Masaki; Sato, Noriyuki; Uehara, Yutaka; Fukatsu, Akira; Negishi, Michiharu; Kobayashi, Isao; Kobayashi, Setsuo

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(90)90055-9

Cited by 40 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with results of rodent studies showing that ovariectomy reduces physical activity (2,80,92) and that estrogen treatment increases activity to preovariectomy levels (73,92). Additional evidence that estrogen increases physical activity comes from rodent studies that report that wheel running increases at the time of estrus (high estrogen) (38,106).…”

Section: E762 Estrogen Decreases Body Weight In Monkeyssupporting

confidence: 80%

Selective estrogen receptor modulator promotes weight loss in ovariectomized female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) by decreasing food intake and increasing activity

Sullivan

Shearin

Koegler

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Sullivan EL, Shearin J, Koegler FH, Cameron JL. Selective estrogen receptor modulator promotes weight loss in ovariectomized female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) by decreasing food intake and increasing activity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 302: E759 -E767, 2012. First published January 17, 2012; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00327.2011.-The effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on body weight in postmenopausal women is controversial, with studies reporting an increase, a decrease, and no change in body weight. To examine estrogen receptor actions on body weight, we investigated the effects of treatment with a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) on body weight, food intake, and activity and metabolic rate in a nonhuman primate model. Eighteen ovariectomized female rhesus monkeys were treated with a nonsteroidal SERM (GSK232802A, 5 mg/kg po) for 3 mo. GSK232802A decreased lutenizing hormone (P Ͻ 0.0001) and follicle-stimulating hormone levels (P Ͻ 0.0001), consistent with the estrogenic action of the compound. GSK232802A treatment produced a small but sustained weight loss (4.6 Ϯ 1.0%, P Ͻ 0.0001) and reduced adiposity (P Ͻ 0.0001), which was due at least in part to a suppression of food intake (3.6 Ϯ 3.7%, P Ͻ 0.0001). Physical activity increased during the 3rd mo of treatment (P ϭ 0.04). Baseline activity level and the change in activity due to treatment were correlated, with the most sedentary individuals exhibiting increased physical activity during the 1st mo of treatment (P ϭ 0.02). Metabolic rate did not change (P ϭ 0.58). These results indicate that GSK232802A treatment reduces body weight and adiposity in ovariectomized nonhuman primates by suppressing food intake and increasing activity, particularly in the most sedentary individuals. These findings suggest that SERM treatment may counteract weight gain in postmenopausal women.hormone replacement therapy; obesity; menopause; body fat WOMEN GAIN WEIGHT IN ADULTHOOD during the menopausal transition (16,31,45,50,53,56). However, it is unclear whether weight gain is due to age-related changes in metabolism and lifestyle, such as eating more or exercising less, or due to the decrease in ovarian hormones that occurs with menopause. The effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on the body weights of postmenopausal women are controversial. Many women believe that HRT increases body weight, and 18% of hormone replacement users report weight gain as the main reason for discontinuing HRT (63,78). However, the idea that HRT increases body weight is supported by only a few studies (5, 36). The majority of studies report either that postmenopausal women on HRT have lower body weight than nonusers (82, 83) or that HRT decreases (28, 29, 47) or does not affect postmenopausal weight gain (10,84,86,91), and a few studies report that HRT causes weight loss (20). The controversy around the effects of HRT on body weight in postmenopausal women may be related in part to differing effects of the various HRT regimens that are in common use, including differences i...

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Section: E762 Estrogen Decreases Body Weight In Monkeyssupporting

confidence: 80%

Selective estrogen receptor modulator promotes weight loss in ovariectomized female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) by decreasing food intake and increasing activity

Sullivan

Shearin

Koegler

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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“…Ovariectomy induces an increase in food intake and decreases ambulatory and wheel running activities in rodents, all of which are reversed with estrogen replacement (Ahdieh and Wade, 1982, Colvin and Sawyer, 1969, Shimomura et al, 1990, Asarian and Geary, 2002. In fact, hypo-estrogenic states are associated with decreased activity and an increase in body weight in (Czaja and Goy, 1975, Butera and Czaja, 1984, Czaja, 1984, McCaffrey and Czaja, 1989, Jones et al, 2000, Asarian and Geary, 2002, Qiu et al, 2006b, Clegg et al, 2006, Clegg et al, 2007.…”

Section: Effects Of 17β -Estradiol On Vmh and Arcuate Neurons: Role Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane-initiated estrogen signaling in hypothalamic neurons

Kelly

Rønnekleiv

2008

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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SummaryIt is well known that many of the actions of 17β-estradiol (E2) in the central nervous system are mediated via intracellular receptor/transcription factors that interact with steroid response elements on target genes. However, there is compelling evidence for membrane steroid receptors for estrogen in hypothalamic and other brain neurons. But it is not well understood how estrogen signals via membrane receptors, and how these signals impact not only membrane excitability but also gene transcription in neurons. Indeed, it has been known for sometime that E2 can rapidly alter neuronal activity within seconds, indicating that some cellular effects can occur via membrane delimited events. In addition, E2 can affect second messenger systems including calcium mobilization and a plethora of kinases to alter cell signaling. Therefore, this review will consider our current knowledge of rapid membrane-initiated and intracellular signaling by E2 in the hypothalamus, the nature of receptors involved and how they contribute to homeostatic functions. KeywordsERα; ERβ; GPCR (G protein-coupled receptor); mER (membrane estrogen receptor that is a GPCR) Electrophysiological studies in the 1960's and 1970's suggested that gonadal steroids could directly modulate the electrical activity of hypothalamic neurons

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“…This weight gain is caused by increased food intake (Richard, 1986), increased energy efficiency (Coscina & Chambers, 1991), and/or decreased activity (Shimomura et al, 1990). Hyperphasia and obesity have been demonstrated even when the ovariectomized rats were fed bitter tasting, quinine-adulterated diets (Gale & Sclafani, 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Swimming eliminates the weight gain and abdominal fat associated with ovariectomy in the retired breeder rat despite high-fat diet selection

et al. 2000

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The significance of decreased ambulatory activity during the generation by long-term observation of obesity in ovariectomized rats

Cited by 40 publications

References 23 publications

Selective estrogen receptor modulator promotes weight loss in ovariectomized female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) by decreasing food intake and increasing activity

Selective estrogen receptor modulator promotes weight loss in ovariectomized female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) by decreasing food intake and increasing activity

Membrane-initiated estrogen signaling in hypothalamic neurons

Swimming eliminates the weight gain and abdominal fat associated with ovariectomy in the retired breeder rat despite high-fat diet selection

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