The significance of grafting collagen on polycaprolactone composite scaffolds: Processing–structure–functional property relationship

Abstract

The study concerns processing-structure-functional property relationship in organic-inorganic hybrid scaffolds based on grafted collagen for bone tissue engineering. Biodegradable polyester, polycaprolactone (PCL) and nanohydroxyapatite were used to fabricate three-dimensional porous scaffolds by adopting a combination of solvent casting, particulate leaching, and polymer leaching approaches. The PCL scaffold was subsequently surface modified by chemical bonding of 1,6-hexanediamine to the ester groups of PCL to introduce free NH2 groups. The introduction of NH2 groups as active sites enabled immobilization of biocompatible macromolecule, collagen, on the aminolyzed PCL via a cross-linking agent, glutaraldehyde. The osteoblasts' functions, notably cell adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization, were favorably modulated because of the chemical interaction between Arg-Gly-Asp domains in collagen molecule and integrin receptor in the cell membrane. The study underscores the significance of grafting collagen on PCL-nHA scaffold in modulating cellular activity and biological functions expanding its current use in soft tissue engineering to hard tissue regeneration.

In vitro cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of silver-coated electrospun polycaprolactone/gelatine nanofibrous scaffolds

“…In this study, a biodegradable synthetic polymer, polycaprolactone (PCL), and a natural polymer, gelatine (Ge), were used. Both of these polymers have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and are safe for use in the human body (Kiran et al 2014 ; GMIA 2012 ). Some studies have observed that PCL fibrous scaffolds cause a reduction in cell attachment, migration, proliferation, and differentiation (Jin et al 2015 ).…”

Biomimetic Properties of Force-Spun PHBV Membranes Functionalised with Collagen as Substrates for Biomedical Application

“…A key component in determining the viability of the scaffold is to observe the behaviour of the fibroblastic cells on the membranes. Collagen is a major constituent of the ECM, bearing the motifs to which cell integrins bind [45], and as such, scaffolds conjugated with collagen displayed a much higher level of cellular growth and adhesion [20,21,46]. A Live/Dead assay (Figure 8) on the same sample area showed a greater quantity of live cells on PHBV-Collagen than the PHBV surface.…”

“…As a means to tailor the biological or mechanical function of PHBV scaffolds, blends, and composites with other natural or synthetic biopolymers [10][11][12][13][14], and bioceramics [15][16][17][18] have been studied. In particular, collagen type-I, which is the most abundant protein in the ECM [19] and responsible for the integrity of the tissue, is one of the most commonly investigated materials for TE scaffolds and as a coating or component in composite TE scaffolds [20][21][22]. Collagen type-I possesses structural motifs to which cell integrins bind [23], mediating cellular adhesion and migration in the native ECM [24].…”

Advancements in three-dimensional titanium alloy mesh scaffolds fabricated by electron beam melting for biomedical devices: mechanical and biological aspects

“…Prior to the development of 3D additive manufacturing methods, the methods adopted to fabricate 3D porous scaffolds include freeze drying, solvent casting with particulate leaching, fiber bonding, membrane lamination, and gas foaming [16,[57][58][59]. In these methods, it is difficult to control the pore size, shape, and pore interconnectivity [60].…”