The significance of milk ring test for identifying brucella antibodies in cows and buffaloes' raw milk at Erbil governorate, Iraq

Almashhadany, Dhary Alewy

doi:10.33899/ijvs.2019.163085

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The overall isolation percentage of Brucella spp. in this work 7.1% is comparable to previous studies in Erbil ewes and nanny goats populations (10), and also in cow and buffalo populations (2). A Nigerian study also detected a similar prevalence in livestock by the bacteriological approach (21).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Brucella species can be traced back to 2.8 million years by probable indication of pathologic variations in a late Pliocene hominin skeleton. Furthermore, molecular tests demonstrated the continuance of B. melitensis DNA in a 700-year-old skeleton from medieval Italy, and confirming the permanence of this zoonotic contagion, and even a specific lineage, in the Mediterranean area over the centuries (1,2). According to the WHO, the FAO, and the Office International des Epizooties (OIE), brucellosis is yet one of the most significant and prevalent zoonoses globally, but also ranks as one of the seven record neglected diseases (NDs) according to the World Health Organization, due to its non-descript clinical presentation in human inhabitants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Clinical human and animal brucellosis takes overabundance of synonyms like Malta fever, undulant fever, Mediterranean fever, Rock of Gibraltar fever, Neapolitan fever, Crimean fever, Corps disease, contagious abortion, and Bang's disease, and most of these names are still used in different regions of the world. It is one of the most significant zoonotic foodborne diseases in the world, brucellosis, is still present in Iraq, and is causing much distress to the country (2,10,13). This study addresses fast and reliable techniques for screening of Brucella antibodies among sheep and goats raw milk in Erbil Governorate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis of brucellosis in sheep and goats raw milk by fast and reliable techniques

Almashhadany¹

2021

IJVS

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This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of brucellosis in sheep and goats' raw milk samples by detecting anti-Brucella antibodies and Brucella species at Erbil governorate. A total of 320 raw milk samples (150 sheep milk and 170 goats milk) were irregularly collected from dairy females. The overall occurrence of Brucella antibodies in samples of sheep and goats raw milk was 11.6% and 9.7% according to MRT and indirect ELISA, respectively. Isolation of Brucella (B.) species from samples of raw milk was 7.8%. The isolated species of Brucella were B. melitensis and B. abortus. A noticeable increase in frequency during September to November was observed. In conclusion, brucellosis is still a considerable public health threat in the Erbil. Based on the tests performance, the study recommends MRT in standard observing of brucellosis in milk aggregate farms, centers, and dairy manufactories. Customers are also recommended to adequately pasteurize the milk in order to damage this milk-borne pathogen before ingestion or saleable handling.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis of brucellosis in sheep and goats raw milk by fast and reliable techniques

Almashhadany¹

2021

IJVS

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“…In Mosul city, seroprevalence rate was 18.25% and 5.8% in cattle (4), and 8.50 % in buffalo (5). In the camel, the prevalence rate was 16.29% in Wasit province (6), and 8.6% in Erbil province (7). In Mosul province, the infection rate of ovine brucellosis was 15.9 % using the ELISA test on different samples of sheep herds (8) and 25.6% using Rose Bengal test and 2-mercaptoethanol test in goats (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross sectional study on the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis in Al-Najaf province in Iraq

Al-Alo¹,

Mohammed²

2021

IJVS

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Brucellosis is an endemic disease in many countries of the middle east including Iraq, despite the high attempts to control the disease in animals using vaccination programs. The study was conducted from January to March 2012, to determine the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in the Al-Najaf province in Iraq, which represent risk factors associated with brucellosis in cattle. Blood samples were collected from 172 cows and 15 bulls of 20 dualpurpose cattle herds. Serological examinations are the most useful and widely used tool for the diagnosis of brucellosis in man and animals. All animal serum samples were tested by the Rose Bengal plate test (RBT), and the positive cases were confirmed by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). The overall prevalence of brucellosis was 5.81% divided between 5.81% in females and 0% in males, and 40% as herd numbers level. Females showed a higher seropositive reaction to the disease than males. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the presence of the disease and detected the seropositive reactions in animal samples in different farms of the province, with a difference in infection rate regarding the risk factor. Sanitary measures must be taken to avoid the occurrence and spread of the disease in humans and animals.

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“…Brucellosis is a foodborne and professional zoonotic disease, caused by the bacterial genus Brucella. This infection has an extremely emerging and significant reemerging potentials in several countries [50].…”

Section: Brucellosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Meat Borne Diseases

Almashhadany¹

2021

Meat and Nutrition

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Red and white meat is a perfect, high-quality protein that comprises all of the nine essential amino acids (EAAs) that cannot be synthesized endogenously. Meat is the normal source of this vitamin, as well as other types of vitamins. Meat affords a range of significant vitamins and minerals that the human body needs, many of which are more bioavailable and easily absorbed than the nutrients found in plant sources. The nutrients in meat support the immune system, participate in the formation of muscle tissue, red blood cells (RBCs), and hormones, and warranty accurate functioning of the nervous system. These nutrients also affect the human senses of smell and taste, benefit our thyroids, and support antioxidant production. The main sources of pathogens in meat and meat products are; the animal itself; human handlers; equipment’s in contact, environmental sources, and water used in the preparation. Meat Borne Diseases, since ancient times, played a central role in public health. This chapter is divided into nine parts, part one to part eight deals with the most important pathogens that have been associated with meat borne diseases (MBDs), these include, Meat Borne Prionic Diseases; Viral Diseases; Bacterial Diseases; Protozoal Diseases; Parasitic Diseases; Fungal Diseases; Mycotoxins; Rickettsial Diseases; while the nine-part deal with the methods of meat preservation and storage.

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The significance of milk ring test for identifying brucella antibodies in cows and buffaloes' raw milk at Erbil governorate, Iraq

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

Diagnosis of brucellosis in sheep and goats raw milk by fast and reliable techniques

Diagnosis of brucellosis in sheep and goats raw milk by fast and reliable techniques

A cross sectional study on the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis in Al-Najaf province in Iraq

Meat Borne Diseases

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