The significance of mineral inclusions in large diamonds from Yakutia, Russia

Taylor, L. A.; Anand, M.; Promprated, Prinya; Floss, C.; Sobolev, N. V.

doi:10.2138/am-2003-5-621

Cited by 54 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…After the pioneering works of Meyer and Boyd (1972) and Sobolev (1977), chromites have been found as inclu-sions in diamonds obtained from kimberlite (e.g., Griffin et al, 1993;Stachel et al, 2000;Taylor et al, 2003;Donnelly et al, 2007). As stated above, Meyer and Boyd (1972) reported two analyses of zincian chromite in a diamond grain obtained from Sierra Leone.…”

Section: Inclusions In Diamondsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The plots also show chromites low in Zn and Mn and associated with zincian chromites for altered/metamorphosed rocks. Data sources are as follows: Meyer and Boyd (1972), Stachel et al (2000), Taylor et al (2003), and Donnelly et al (2007) for diamond inclusions; Bunch et al (1970Bunch et al ( , 1972, Bunch and Keil (1971), Desnoyers et al (1985), Krot et al (1992), Ikeda et al (1997), Chikami et al (1999), Wasson et al (1999), and Fehr and Carion (2004) for meteorites; and Thayer et al (1964), Wylie et al (1987), Challis et al (1995), Weiser and Hirdes (1997), Gahlan and Arai (2007), and Johan and Ohnenstetter (2010) for low -temperature altered/metamorphosed peridotites and related rocks. Zincian chromite of possible deep recycling origin Relationships between Cr/(Cr + Al) atomic ratio and Mg#, and Cr -Al -Fe 3+ atomic ratios of zincian chromites and related spinels.…”

Section: Meteoritesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zincian chromite inclusions in diamonds: Possibility of deep recycling origin

Arai

Ishimaru

2011

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

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It was reported by Meyer and Boyd (1972) that zincian chromite, having 2 wt% to 3 wt% ZnO and high (>0.9) Cr# (= Cr/(Cr + Al) atomic ratio), appears as inclusions in diamonds obtained from kimberlite. Zincian chromite is characterized by a low (<0.03) Mg# [= Mg/(Mg + ferrous Fe + Zn + Mn + Ni + Co) atomic ratio] and an appreciable amount of MnO (0.4 -0.5 wt%). The chemistry of zincian chromite is very different from commonly found chromite inclusions (magnesiochromite) in diamonds, which contain low amounts of ZnO (<0.1 wt%) and MnO (<0.1 wt%). Zincian and manganoan chromites are also commonly found in meteorites and in altered/ metamorphosed peridotites and related rocks. The chromites found in meteorites mostly have an intermediate Mg# (0.2 -0.5) and a high Cr# (mostly >0.8); moreover, the major -element chemistry of these chromites is similar to that of the magnesiochromite inclusions in diamonds. Spinels obtained from altered rocks show a chemical range that comprises the zincian chromite inclusions found in diamonds. The origin of these inclusions possibly lies in deep recycling. They were initially formed at the Earth's surface in altered/metamorphosed peridotites; they then sank deep down into the mantle and were entrained to the surface again by kimberlite magmatism.

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Section: Inclusions In Diamondsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Meteoritesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zincian chromite inclusions in diamonds: Possibility of deep recycling origin

Arai

Ishimaru

2011

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

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“…[8] Eclogitic xenoliths erupted in kimberlites within the Siberian craton are considered to be crustally derived [Snyder et al, 1997[Snyder et al, , 1999Sobolev et al, 2003;Taylor et al, 2003a;Jacob, 2004;Riches et al, 2010], meeting all geochemical constraints put forth by Taylor and Anand [2004]. As a result, Siberian eclogites provide excellent materials for the study of mantle and crustal oxygen.…”

Section: Data Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen isotopes in subducted oceanic crust: A new perspective from Siberian diamondiferous eclogites

Carmody

Barry

Shervais

et al. 2013

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] There are three methods of investigating the oxygen-isotope composition of oceanic crust: (1) data from drilling-obtained samples; (2) study of obducted ophiolites; and (3) from crustal-derived xenoliths; however, each approach has limitations. Drilling capabilities are limited to the upper 1-3 km of the oceanic crust. Ophiolites are segments of oceanic crust and underlying mantle exposed at the Earth's surface, but their origin and emplacement are still debated. Nonetheless, the study of ophiolite sequences has enabled many of the fundamental observations regarding ancient-oceanic crust and the oxygenisotope signature of the upper mantle. Analyses of ophiolite sequences (e.g., Samail) reveal 18 O variations ranging from isotopically enriched in relation to MORB ( 18 O > MORB) to isotopically depleted (low 18 O MORB), interpreted to show the effects of seawater interaction at different temperatures. Mantle-derived xenoliths also display compelling geochemical evidence suggesting they are remnants of subducted ocean crust, and may in fact, be more representative samples. Some kimberlite-hosted diamondiferous eclogite xenoliths, with crustal protoliths, reveal a marked oxygenisotope disparity between oceanic crust and the upper mantle; i.e., a bimodal distribution of both mantlelike ( 18 O % 5.6%) and isotopically enriched oxygen ( 18 O % 6.8%). The isotopically high 18 O values are often observed in eclogite xenoliths with ultramafic protoliths, which form beyond the lowtemperature alteration zone. This finding is in contrast to traditional oxygen-isotope versus depth-curves of ophiolite sequences. Here, we present a compiled data set from Siberian eclogites and pyroxenites that illustrates this bimodality, using magnesium number (Mg#) as a depth proxy, and investigate the conditions that could potentially result in the observed ''abnormal'' oxygen-isotope variations.Components: 9,476 words, 5 figures.

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“…Moreover, Taylor et al (2003a) noted that diamond inclusions are often surrounded by micron-scale zones without zonation, i.e., ''CL deadzones''. Nonetheless, the chromite inclusion that was chosen for 3D-CL is located near the boundary between the diamond's outer cubic core and the octahedral intermediate area, i.e., near a very distinct CL contact (see chromite-3 in Fig.…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, Taylor et al (2003b) argued that rare earth elements (REE) from harzburgitic garnet inclusions are inconsistent with simultaneous growth with diamond and proposed a protogenetic origin for these inclusions. The REE patterns are sinusoidal-shaped and suggest a multistage history for these garnets: partial melting, metasomatic enrichment and potentially another final phase of partial melting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional cathodoluminescence imaging and electron backscatter diffraction: tools for studying the genetic nature of diamond inclusions

Vries¹,

Drury

Winter

et al. 2010

Contrib Mineral Petrol

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As a step towards resolving the genesis of inclusions in diamonds, a new technique is presented. This technique combines cathodoluminescence (CL) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) using a focused ion beamscanning electron microscope (FIB-SEM) instrument with the aim of determining, in detail, the three-dimensional diamond zonation adjacent to a diamond inclusion. EBSD reveals that mineral inclusions in a single diamond have similar crystallographic orientations to the host, within ±0.4°. The chromite inclusions record a systematic change in Mg# and Cr# from core to the rim of the diamond that corresponds with a *80°C decrease of their formation temperature as established by zinc thermometry. A chromite inclusion, positioned adjacent to a boundary between two major diamond growth zones, is multi-faceted with preferred octahedral and cubic faces. The chromite is surrounded by a volume of non-luminescent diamond (CL halo) that partially obscures any diamond growth structures. The CL halo has apparent crystallographic morphology with symmetrically oriented pointed features. The CL halo is enriched in *200 ppm Cr and *80 ppm Fe and is interpreted to have a secondary origin as it overprints a major primary diamond growth structure. The diamond zonation adjacent to the chromite is complex and records both syngenetic and protogenetic features based on current inclusion entrapment models. In this specific case, a syngenetic origin is favoured with the complex form of the inclusion and growth layers indicating changes of growth rates at the diamond-chromite interface. Combined EBSD and 3D-CL imaging appears an extremely useful tool in resolving the ongoing discussion about the timing of inclusion growth and the significance of diamond inclusion studies.

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The significance of mineral inclusions in large diamonds from Yakutia, Russia

Cited by 54 publications

References 44 publications

Zincian chromite inclusions in diamonds: Possibility of deep recycling origin

Zincian chromite inclusions in diamonds: Possibility of deep recycling origin

Oxygen isotopes in subducted oceanic crust: A new perspective from Siberian diamondiferous eclogites

Three-dimensional cathodoluminescence imaging and electron backscatter diffraction: tools for studying the genetic nature of diamond inclusions

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