The Significance of Tannic Substances and Theobromine in Chocolate Milk

Mueller, W.S.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(42)95286-x

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…However, the depression of animal growth and feed efficiency were largely overcome when 15 % soybean meal was added to the diet. Mueller (1942) used cocoa powder as a major tannin source, which was added 16% by weight to rat diets. Significantly poorer growth rates were found with the high tannin cocoa diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animal feeding trials indicate that growth is negatively related to the level of tannin content of grain sorghum (Chang and Fuller, 1964;Combs and Wallace, 1976;Elkin et al, 1978;Featherston and Roger, 1975;Fox et al, 1970;Hillier et al, 1959;Kuman andSingh, 1984, Maxson et al, 1943;Price et 1979; Price and Butler, 1978, Schaffert et al, 1974a, 1974bMaxson et al, 1973). Tannins are classified as antinutritional factors because of their ability to bind with dietary proteins, digestive enzymes, minerals such as iron, and such vitamins as thiamin and vitamin B-6 (Butler et al, 1986;Disler et al, 1975;Donnelly and Anthony, 1969;Gillooy et al, 1983;Godstein and Swain, 1965;Hilker et al, 1971;Merhar et al, 1985;Morck et al, 1983;Mueller, 1942;Radhakrishnan and Sivapradad, 1980;Radhakrishnan et al, 1977;Rao et al, 1982;Rungruangsak et al, 1977;Vimokesant et al, 1975Vimokesant et al, , 1974.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Niacin status of humans as affected by eating decorticated and whole-ground sorghum (Sorghum Gramineae) grain, ready-to-eat breakfast cereals

Wang

Kies

1991

Plant Food Hum Nutr

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Niacin utilization to humans from whole grain ground sorghum flour and decorticated grain ground sorghum flour was studied. During two, randomly-arranged experimental periods of 14 days each, the 10 healthy adult subjects ate constant, laboratory controlled diets which included 28 g per day of either a ready-to-eat cereal prepared from whole-ground-sorghum flour or one prepared from decorticated (polished) sorghum flour. All subjects received both experimental treatments, made complete collections of urine and stools, and gave fasting blood samples at the ends of both experimental periods. Although the whole ground cereal contained higher amounts of niacin than did the decorticated cereal, urinary losses of N-methylnicotinamine were higher when the decorticated cereal was fed than when the whole ground cereal was used. Blood serum levels of nicotinamide and N-nicotinamide were higher when the whole ground cereal was fed than the feeding of the decorticated cereal was given. Therefore, it appears that the niacin of whole ground sorghum is absorbed but then the need for niacin is either increased or its urinary excretion is inhibited.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Niacin status of humans as affected by eating decorticated and whole-ground sorghum (Sorghum Gramineae) grain, ready-to-eat breakfast cereals

Wang

Kies

1991

Plant Food Hum Nutr

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“…Les travaux concernant l'action de l'acide tannique, ou des tanins en général, sur la physiologie de l'appareil digestif sont peu nombreux et fort anciens, car souvent ils correspondent à l'époque où ces substances étaient utilisées en thérapeutique comme antidiarrhéiques [2]; cependant les quanti tés de tanins ingérées avec les aliments dans des conditions nutritionnelles normales sont loin d'être négligeables, ainsi les fruits ou les légumes contien nent-ils entre 2 et 10 g de tanin/kgde poids frais [4,10,11,14], les vins jusqu'à 5 g/1 [20,23], et on en trouve aussi en quantité importante dans le cacao, le thé et le café [6,13,19].…”

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Effet de I’acide tannique sur la sécrétion gastrique chez le rat

Mitjavila¹,

Blanquat²,

Derache³

1973

Ann Nutr Metab

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We have studied the effect of tannic acid on gastric secretion in the stomach of the rat [Shay et al., 1945]. Using both single and repeated dosages, our findings disclose: The administration of a single dose (30 mg/kg body weight) of tannic acid has no influence on the secretory capacity of the stomach, but inhibits the peptic activity of the gastric juice and partly precipitates the mucin which, normally, plays a protective role. Tannic acid administered at repeated dosages increases the secretion of pepsin and free acidity and reduces the concentration of mucin in the gastric juice; we have detected no case of gastric ulceration. On the whole, however, these results can be compared with ulcerogenic conditions observed in denutrition; it must be mentioned that rats subjected to diets containing tannic acid, despite a very rich diet from the point of view of growth resemble under-nourished animals in their behavior.

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A study of polyphenols in the seeds and leaves of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub)

Kaushal¹,

Bhatia²

1982

J Sci Food Agric

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Gallotannins, gallic acid, gallic acid derivatives, myricetin-7-glucoside-3-glycoside, kaempferol-7-glucoside-3-glycoside, kaempferol-3-rutinoside, kaempferoI-3-glucoside, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and ellagic acid were derived from guar seeds and identified by chromatographic and spectral analysis. Myricetin-7-glucoside-3-glycoside, kaempferol-7-glucoside-3-glycoside, kaempferol-3-rut inoside, kaempferol-3-glucoside, quercetin-3-rutinoside, 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoic acid, texasin-7-O-glucoside, daidzein-7-O-glucoside, chlorogenic acid and p-coumaryl quinic acid were found in guar leaves. The polyphenolic content of guar seeds depended on the stage of maturity varying from1.26 to0.69 % total phenols; 0.49to0.12% gallic acid; 0.5 to 0.21 % gallotannins; and 0.13 to 0.23 % flavonols (all as percentage dry matter). The polyphenolic content of guar leavesvaried from 0.74 to 1.24% total phenols; 0.18 to 0.84% flavonols; and 0.05 to 0.24% hydroxycinnamic acids in the dry matter of guar leaves.

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The Significance of Tannic Substances and Theobromine in Chocolate Milk

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

Niacin status of humans as affected by eating decorticated and whole-ground sorghum (Sorghum Gramineae) grain, ready-to-eat breakfast cereals

Niacin status of humans as affected by eating decorticated and whole-ground sorghum (Sorghum Gramineae) grain, ready-to-eat breakfast cereals

Effet de I’acide tannique sur la sécrétion gastrique chez le rat

A study of polyphenols in the seeds and leaves of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub)

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