The silent loss of cell physiology hampers marine biosciences

Melzner, Frank; Podbielski, Imke; Mark, Felix Christopher; Tresguerres, Martín

doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3001641

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It should be noted that GO categories are not optimized for studies on non-model marine invertebrates and that the database is largely built using model organisms that do not possess the traits of interest for this study. In fact, the reliance on GO categories has been called into question by Melzner et al (2022), and the authors specifically mention that using GO databases is not appropriate for studies of calcifying organisms under climate change stress [73]. In addition, not all of the M. mercenaria genes had associated GO terms, which would have skewed the results and might explain why there were no significant differences.…”

Section: Lack Of Enrichment Of Functional Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic and Transcriptomic Responses Enable Clams to Correct the pH of Calcifying Fluids and Sustain Biomineralization in Acidified Environments

Schwaner

Farhat

Haley

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Seawater pH and carbonate saturation are predicted to decrease dramatically by the end of the century. This process, designated ocean acidification (OA), threatens economically and ecologically important marine calcifiers, including the northern quahog (Mercenaria mercenaria). While many studies have demonstrated the adverse impacts of OA on bivalves, much less is known about mechanisms of resilience and adaptive strategies. Here, we examined clam responses to OA by evaluating cellular (hemocyte activities) and molecular (high-throughput proteomics, RNASeq) changes in hemolymph and extrapallial fluid (EPF—the site of biomineralization located between the mantle and the shell) in M. mercenaria continuously exposed to acidified (pH~7.3; pCO2~2700 ppm) and normal conditions (pH~8.1; pCO2~600 ppm) for one year. The extracellular pH of EPF and hemolymph (~7.5) was significantly higher than that of the external acidified seawater (~7.3). Under OA conditions, granulocytes (a sub-population of hemocytes important for biomineralization) were able to increase intracellular pH (by 54% in EPF and 79% in hemolymph) and calcium content (by 56% in hemolymph). The increased pH of EPF and hemolymph from clams exposed to high pCO2 was associated with the overexpression of genes (at both the mRNA and protein levels) related to biomineralization, acid–base balance, and calcium homeostasis, suggesting that clams can use corrective mechanisms to mitigate the negative impact of OA.

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Section: Lack Of Enrichment Of Functional Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic and Transcriptomic Responses Enable Clams to Correct the pH of Calcifying Fluids and Sustain Biomineralization in Acidified Environments

Schwaner

Farhat

Haley

et al. 2022

IJMS

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show abstract

“…The consequences of heat stress for the metabolism and cell physiology of marine invertebrates remain underexplored ( Melzner et al, 2022 ), and more physiological data are necessary to predict how accelerating climate change will alter species abundance and distribution ( Wagner et al, 2023 ). For example, thermal stress interferes with intracellular pH (pH i ) regulation in many species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative physiology reveals heat stress disrupts acid–base homeostasis independent of symbiotic state in the model cnidarian Exaiptasia diaphana

Allen-Waller,

Jones,

Martynek

et al. 2024

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Climate change threatens symbiotic cnidarians’ survival by causing photosymbiosis breakdown in a process known as bleaching. Direct effects of temperature on cnidarian host physiology remain difficult to describe because heatwaves depress symbiont performance, leading to host stress and starvation. The symbiotic sea anemone Exaiptasia diaphana provides an opportune system to disentangle direct vs. indirect heat effects on the host, since it can survive indefinitely without symbionts. We tested the hypothesis that heat directly impairs cnidarian physiology by comparing symbiotic and aposymbiotic individuals of two laboratory subpopulations of a commonly used clonal strain of E. diaphana, CC7. We exposed anemones to a range of temperatures (ambient, +2°C, +4°C, +6°C) for 15–18 days, then measured their symbiont population densities, autotrophic carbon assimilation and translocation, photosynthesis, respiration, and host intracellular pH (pHi). Symbiotic anemones from the two subpopulations differed in size and symbiont density and exhibited distinct heat stress responses, highlighting the importance of acclimation to different laboratory conditions. Specifically, the cohort with higher initial symbiont densities experienced dose-dependent symbiont loss with increasing temperature and a corresponding decline in host photosynthate accumulation. In contrast, the cohort with lower initial symbiont densities did not lose symbionts or assimilate less photosynthate when heated, similar to the response of aposymbiotic anemones. However, anemone pHi decreased at higher temperatures regardless of cohort, symbiont presence, or photosynthate translocation, indicating that heat consistently disrupts cnidarian acid-base homeostasis independent of symbiotic status or mutualism breakdown. Thus, pH regulation may be a critical vulnerability for cnidarians in a changing climate.

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“…The consequences of heat stress on the metabolism and cell physiology of marine invertebrates remain underexplored (Melzner et al, 2022), and more physiological data is necessary to predict how accelerating climate change will alter species abundance and distribution (Wagner et al, 2023). For example, thermal stress interferes with intracellular pH (pHi) regulation in many species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat stress disrupts acid-base homeostasis independent of symbiosis in the model cnidarianExaiptasia diaphana

Allen-Waller

Jones

Martynek

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Heat stress threatens the survival of symbiotic cnidarians by causing their photosymbiosis to break down in a process known as bleaching. The direct effects of temperature on cnidarian host physiology remain difficult to describe because heat stress depresses symbiont performance, leading to host stress and starvation. The symbiotic sea anemoneExaiptasia diaphanaprovides an opportune system in which to disentangle direct vs. indirect effects of heat stress on the host, since it can survive indefinitely without symbionts. Here, we tested the hypothesis that heat stress directly influences cnidarian physiology by comparing symbiotic and aposymbiotic individuals of a clonal strain ofE. diaphana. We exposed anemones to a range of temperatures (ambient, +2°C, +4°C, +6°C) for 15-18 days, then measured their symbiont population densities, autotrophic carbon assimilation and translocation, photosynthesis, respiration, and host intracellular pH (pHi). Anemones with initially high symbiont densities experienced dose-dependent symbiont loss with increasing temperature, resulting in a corresponding decline in host photosynthate accumulation. In contrast, anemones with low initial symbiont densities did not lose symbionts or assimilate less photosynthate as temperature increased, similar to the response of aposymbiotic anemones. Interestingly, pHidecreased in anemones at higher temperatures regardless of symbiont presence, cell density, or photosynthate translocation, indicating that heat stress disrupts cnidarian acid-base homeostasis independent of symbiosis dysfunction, and that acid-base regulation may be a critical point of vulnerability for hosts of this vital mutualism.

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The silent loss of cell physiology hampers marine biosciences

Abstract: An ongoing loss of experts in marine cellular biochemistry and physiology (CBP) is stagnating the generation of knowledge upon which rapidly growing “omics” approaches rely, ultimately hampering our ability to predict organismal responses to climate change.

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Proteomic and Transcriptomic Responses Enable Clams to Correct the pH of Calcifying Fluids and Sustain Biomineralization in Acidified Environments

Proteomic and Transcriptomic Responses Enable Clams to Correct the pH of Calcifying Fluids and Sustain Biomineralization in Acidified Environments

Comparative physiology reveals heat stress disrupts acid–base homeostasis independent of symbiotic state in the model cnidarian Exaiptasia diaphana

Heat stress disrupts acid-base homeostasis independent of symbiosis in the model cnidarianExaiptasia diaphana

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