The silver cation (Ag+): antistaphylococcal activity, mode of action and resistance studies

Randall, Chris; Oyama, Linda; Bostock, Julieanne M.; Chopra, Ian; O’Neill, Alex J.

doi:10.1093/jac/dks372

Cited by 110 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Rather, resistance to silver is a by-product of copper resistance and cadmium is a by-product of zinc resistance. In fact, resistance studies with S. aureus were unable to produce silver-resistant strains even after 42 days of continuous passage in the presence of AgNO 3 (Randall et al 2013) Similar results were observed for some Gram-negative organisms, whereas in E. coli strains, silver resistance arises as a result of mutations in both ompR and cusS or mediated through the sil system (Randall et al 2015).…”

Section: Copper and Zinc Resistance In Gram-positive Bacteriasupporting

confidence: 55%

Survival in amoeba—a major selection pressure on the presence of bacterial copper and zinc resistance determinants? Identification of a “copper pathogenicity island”

Hao

Lüthje

Qin

et al. 2015

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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The presence of metal resistance determinants in bacteria usually is attributed to geological or anthropogenic metal contamination in different environments or associated with the use of antimicrobial metals in human healthcare or in agriculture. While this is certainly true, we hypothesize that protozoan predation and macrophage killing are also responsible for selection of copper/zinc resistance genes in bacteria. In this review, we outline evidence supporting this hypothesis, as well as highlight the correlation between metal resistance and pathogenicity in bacteria. In addition, we introduce and characterize the Bcopper pathogenicity island^identified in Escherichia coli and Salmonella strains isolated from copper-and zinc-fed Danish pigs.

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Section: Copper and Zinc Resistance In Gram-positive Bacteriasupporting

confidence: 55%

Survival in amoeba—a major selection pressure on the presence of bacterial copper and zinc resistance determinants? Identification of a “copper pathogenicity island”

Hao

Lüthje

Qin

et al. 2015

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…Silver resistance so far is only known in Gram-negative bacteria. Especially in staphylococci, which are the most frequent pathogen in IAIs, we intended to induce silver resistance by performing serial exposure to subinhibitory silver concentrations (37). Among others, we chose staphylococci with putative potential of silver resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to these promising results, we asked the question of whether exposure to silver could induce resistance in staphylococci. If so, it would abolish the efficacy of silver-containing implants, but so far no silver resistance has been observed in Gram-positive bacteria (35)(36)(37). Hence, we exposed seven staphylococcal clinical isolates and ATCC strains (MSSE 1457, MRSE ATCC 35984, MSSA ATCC 13420, MRSA ATCC 43300, copper-resistant S. aureus ATCC 12600, and MRSA USA300 and its putative ⌬SilE mutant-all exhibiting an AgNO 3 MIC of 15.6 or 31.2 g/ml) to subinhibitory concentrations of silver and performed serial passaging via daily subculturing.…”

Section: (C) (D and E) Prevention Rates For Silver-coated (Open Columentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing Implant-Associated Infections by Silver Coating

Kuehl

Brunetto

Woischnig

et al. 2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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d Implant-associated infections (IAIs) are a dreaded complication mainly caused by biofilm-forming staphylococci. Implant surfaces preventing microbial colonization would be desirable. We examined the preventive effect of a silver-coated titanium-aluminum-niobium (TiAlNb) alloy. The surface elicited a strong, inoculum-dependent activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus in an agar inhibition assay. Gamma sterilization and alcohol disinfection did not alter the effect. In a tissue cage mouse model, silver coating of TiAlNb cages prevented perioperative infections in an inoculum-dependent manner and led to a 100% prevention rate after challenge with 2 ؋ 10 6 CFU of S. epidermidis per cage. In S. aureus infections, silver coating had only limited effect. Similarly, daptomycin or vancomycin prophylaxis alone did not prevent S. aureus infections. However, silver coating combined with daptomycin or vancomycin prophylaxis thwarted methicillin-resistant S. aureus infections at a prevention rate of 100% or 33%, respectively. Moreover, silver release from the surface was independent of infection and occurred rapidly after implantation. On day 2, a peak of 82 g Ag/ml was reached in the cage fluid, corresponding to almost 6؋ the MIC of the staphylococci. Cytotoxicity toward leukocytes in the cage was low and temporary. Surrounding tissue did not reveal histological signs of silver toxicity. In vitro, no emergence of silver resistance was observed in several clinical strains of staphylococci upon serial subinhibitory silver exposures. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that silver-coated TiAlNb is potent for prevention of IAIs and thus can be considered for clinical application.

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“…Clinical investigations into the anti-bacterial nature of such silver-containing dressings have revealed the potent activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, vancomycin-resistant Pseudomonas species and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (Ulker et al, 2005;Olsen et al, 2000). Silver has been widely used in the treatment of S. aureus infections and one of its primary modes of action has been suggested to involve disruption of bacterial membrane integrity (Randall et al, 2013). Other clinical benefits of silver wound dressings include a reduction in wound associated pain (Rustogi et al, 2005), increased epithelialisation of skin grafts (Demling and Desanti, 2002) and increased efficiency at preventing MRSA colonisation of burn wounds (Honari et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic analysis of the proteins released from Staphylococcus aureus following exposure to Ag(I)

Smith

McCann

Kavanagh

2013

Toxicology in Vitro

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a b s t r a c tThe silver ion (Ag(I)) has well established antimicrobial properties and is widely used in a variety of antibacterial ointments and plasters for the control of wound infections. Wounds are frequently colonised by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and the aim of the work presented here was to establish how S. aureus responded following exposure to Ag(I). Exposure of S. aureus to Ag(I) resulted in the release of a range of proteins from cells. Analysis of proteins released revealed a number of proteins associated with the stress response (e.g. alkaline shock protein, methionine sulfoxide reductase), virulence (e.g. signal transduction protein) and metabolism (e.g. lipase, acetate kinase, phosphoglycerate mutase). The release of toxins (e.g. a-hemolysin, bifunctional autolysin, leucocidin F) was decreased. These results indicated that, while silver is a potent antimicrobial agent, exposure of S. aureus to this metal results in the release of a variety of proteins from the cell. Many of the proteins showing increased release were antigenic and would have the potential to induce an inflammatory response at the site of infection and thus delay healing.

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The silver cation (Ag+): antistaphylococcal activity, mode of action and resistance studies

Cited by 110 publications

References 43 publications

Survival in amoeba—a major selection pressure on the presence of bacterial copper and zinc resistance determinants? Identification of a “copper pathogenicity island”

Survival in amoeba—a major selection pressure on the presence of bacterial copper and zinc resistance determinants? Identification of a “copper pathogenicity island”

Preventing Implant-Associated Infections by Silver Coating

Proteomic analysis of the proteins released from Staphylococcus aureus following exposure to Ag(I)

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