THE siRNA EFFICACY OF SOLUBLE ACID INVERTASE DOWN-REGULATION IN SUGARCANE (SACCHARUM SPP.)

Abstract

Sugarcane (Saccharum sp. hybrids) is a C4 grass used as a major source of sucrose. Invertase enzymes hydrolyse sucrose into hexose sugars reducing the production markedly. Soluble acid invertase role is always a case of discussion for having a major or minor role in the breakdown process in sink tissues. Bio-deterioration is another serious problem accomplishes the sucrose production, the delay between harvest and milling of sugarcane cause enormous depreciation in cane tonnage as well as sugar recovery. Beside another many factors, it was improved that both neutral and acid invertase present in cane stalk and both have tendency to increase after harvest. In the present study, sugarcane cultivar G.99/103, Saccharum officinarium, was used to establish Inplanta transformation experiment for down-regulation of soluble acid invertase gene using siRNA application. The transgenic plants were examined chemically and genetically to estimate the percentage of silencing and its impact on the sucrose content. The enzyme activity showed reduction compared to control in most transgenic plants and consequently the decrease in expression level of soluble acid invertase increase the Brix value significantly in some of the transgenic plants.

Genetic Heterogeneity of Genotypes of Sorghum under Different Ferrous Concentrations

“…The results of Table (3) show that there are significant differences between the fertilizer treatments in the weight of 1000 grains of gm, as the Fe2 treatment gave the highest average of 27.43 g . While the Fe0 treatment gave the lowest mean for this characteristic, reaching 23.87 g. The genotypes differed among themselves, as the Li combination gave the highest average weight of 1000 grains, amounting to 29.45 g, while the gainer combination gave the lowest average, which amounted to 22.34 g. The interaction between cultivars and iron concentrations was significant, as the interaction between the Li composition and the Fe2 treatment gave the highest average for this characteristic, which amounted to 32.39 g, while the interaction between the Rabeh cultivar and the Fe0 fertilizer treatment gave the lowest average, amounting to 20.18 g. The average rate of items…”

“…Because it is involved in many functions such as photosynthesis, formation of chlorophyll, participation in enzymatic reactions, increasing its ability to withstand various stresses and disease resistance, as well as increasing physiological and biochemical activity. The importance of mineral fertilization has been known since 1960 in providing the necessary nutrients to increase the efficiency of agricultural crop production, as it was found that 50% of the increase and improvement in the productivity of grain crops is attributed to the use of mineral fertilizers [3], the lack of micronutrients in Iraqi soils in the different stages of plant growth mother may It is one of the factors affecting the quality of the resulting seeds, so providing these elements, especially iron, through foliar feeding at precise timings coinciding with the growth stages of the plant will avoid exposure to any nutritional stress that wouldlimit the seed yield, as well as addressing the problem of deterioration of seed characteristics as a result for the roles he performs This ingredient increases physiological, chemical and biological activity within plant tissues [4]. Note [5] a study he carried out on the white corn crop in Egypt that an increase in the two concentrations of iron led to an increase in the weight of the grain, as it increased by 10 to 11% for the treatments of iron spraying at a concentration of 100 and 200 mg.l.…”