The solubility and behaviour of acid gases in the marine aerosol

Abstract

The following Henry's law constants (K H/mol 2 kg -2atm -I ) for HNO 3 and the hydrohalic acids have been evaluated from available partial pressure and other thermodynamic data from 0°-40 °C, I atm total pressure: HN03, 40 °C -5.85 x 105; 30 °C -1.50x 106; 25 *C -2.45 x 106; 20 °C -4.04 x l06 ; 10 °C -1.15 X 10 7 ; 0 °C -3.41 x 10 7. HF, 40 °C -3.2; 30 °C -6.6; 25 °C -9.61; 20 °C -14.0; l0 °C -32.0; 0 °C -76. HCI, 40 °C -4.66 x l05 ; 30 °C -1.23 x l06 ; 25 °C -2.04 x 106 ; 20 °C -3.37 x l06 ; l0 "C -9.71 x l06 ; 0 °C -2.95 x 107 . HBr, 40 °C -2.5 x 108 ; 30 °C -7.5 x l08 ; 25°C-1.32x109;200C-2.37x109;10.C-8.10xl09;0°C-3.0xl0 l°. HI, 40 .C -5.2 x108 ; 300C-1.5x109;25°C-2.5X109;20°C-4.5x109;10°C-l.5xl0m;0°C-5.0xl0re.Simple equilibrium models suggest that HNO 3, CH3SO3H and other acids up to 10x less soluble than HCl displace it from marine seasalt aerosols. HF is displaced preferentially to HCI by dissolved acidity at all relative humidities greater than about 80%, and should be entirely depleted in aged marine aerosols.

Uptake of HNO<sub>3</sub> to deliquescent sea-salt particles: a study using the short-lived radioactive isotope tracer <sup>13</sup>N

“…The fraction of initial HNO 3 (g) displaced into HCl(g) remains even significant (almost 70%) when the amount of HNO 3 introduced is equal to the amount of Cl present in the system (expressed as 39.2 ppbv at 1 atm and 298 K), which is, as mentioned in the results section, lower than the true value for the supersaturated aerosol of the experiment. The result from this model is consistent with earlier model results on the HNO 3 sea-salt system (Brimblecombe and Clegg, 1988) reported for low HNO 3 /Cl ratios representative of the marine boundary layer. For 575 ppbv HNO 3 initial gas-phase concentration, the model shows that (i) 41 ppbv of HNO 3 is transferred to the aerosol phase at equilibrium and (ii) almost all the Cl ions initially present in the aqueous phase (39.2 ppbv equivalent) are displaced to the gas phase as HCl (38.5 ppbv) at equilibrium.…”

Considerations on the Chemical Toxicity of Contemporary Li-Ion Battery Electrolytes and Their Components

“…41,45,46 Compared to other hydrogen halogenates, such as HCl, the partial pressure of HF above its aqueous solution is relatively high due to incomplete dissociation of HF in water. 47 Partial pressure of HF increases with increasing ionic strength of the aqueous solution, 45 this phenomenon is known as "salting out" of the gas from its solution. 48 To our knowledge no data is available on the distribution of HF between its solution in solvents typical for Li-ion batteries and the gas phase above these solutions.…”

Chlorine chemistry in urban atmospheres: a review

“…[25][26][27][28] In the case of HNO 3 or H 2 SO 4 , the process may be represented as the heterogeneous reaction of a gas phase acid with NaCl aerosols. [3,27,29,30] In the examples in Reactions 10 and 11, the subscripts (g) and (cd) respectively denote gas phase and condensed phase species.…”