The source of hydrogen chloride emission from municipal refuse incinerators

Uchida, Shigeo; Kamo, Hiroshi; Kubota, Hiroshi

doi:10.1021/ie00083a040

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Corrosion due to HCl release close to the metal surface is in discussion, 29,37−39 but recent results indicate that the sulfation reaction serves to reduce the corrosion propensity. 40 In addition to its relevance for biomass combustion, the sulfation of alkali chlorides has implications for industrial production of HCl, 34 HCl emissions from municipal solid waste incinerators 41,42 and kraft recovery boilers, 43 as well as for corrosion of gas turbine engine components 35 and cement kilns. 44 Despite the importance, there are only few reported experiments on sulfation of solid alkali chlorides.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfation of Condensed Potassium Chloride by SO₂

Hansen¹,

Bartolomé

Wu³

et al. 2013

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The interaction between alkali chloride and sulfur oxides has important implications for deposition and corrosion in combustion of biomass. In the present study, the sulfation of particulate KCl (90−125 μm) by SO 2 was studied in a fixed bed reactor in the temperature range 673−1023 K and with reactant concentrations of 500−3000 ppm SO 2 , 1−20% O 2 , and 4−15% H 2 O. The degree of sulfation was monitored by measuring the formation of HCl. Analysis of the solid residue confirmed that the reaction proceeds according to a shrinking core model and showed the formation of an eutectic at higher temperatures. On the basis of the experimental results, a rate expression for the sulfation reaction was derived. The model compared well with literature data for sulfation of KCl and NaCl, and the results indicate that it may be applied at even higher SO 2 concentrations and temperatures than those of the present study. Simulations of sulfation of KCl particles with different size indicate that only for very small KCl particles, below 1 μm, a considerable in-flight sulfation is achievable at the short gas residence times typical of combustion systems.

show abstract

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfation of Condensed Potassium Chloride by SO₂

Hansen¹,

Bartolomé

Wu³

et al. 2013

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Organic chlorides have been found to transform to various Cl-derived compounds in the incineration process, leading to the formation of dioxins. However, Uchida et al (1983Uchida et al ( , 1988 and Evalena et al (1996) reported that a high concentration of HCl was still detectable in the incinerator, even when organic chlorides such as polyvinyl chloride were removed from the waste. There have been extensive researches on insitu removal of HCl as well as SO 2 from combustion flue gas by CaO and CaCO 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of HCl emission from inorganic chlorides in simulated municipal wastes incineration conditions

Matsuda

Ozawa

Naruse

et al. 2005

Chemical Engineering Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Nevertheless, such components can be contaminated with chlorides due to the absorption of water percolated through food waste in the residual waste stream (cross-contamination) (Uchida, Kamo and Kubota, 1988), e.g. in a high compaction collection vehicle, which is a prevalent collection means for residual MSW in developed countries (Edjabou, Jensen, Götze, et al, 2015).…”

Section: Chlorine Categorization Based On Chemical Compound/ Materialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Investigations on the fate of Cl during waste combustion in incinerators (older MSW combustion plants without energy recovery) and EfW boilers indicated that HCl is an important product (Kanters, Van Nispen, Louw and Mulder, 1996, Uchida, Kamo and Kubota, 1988, Wang, Huang, Li, et al, 2002. MSW combustion in a fluidized bed reactor at high temperature (900 o C) resulted in ca.…”

Section: Chlorine Categorization Based On Its Fate (Partitioning) In mentioning

confidence: 99%