The source of leptin, but not leptin depletion in response to food restriction, changes during early pregnancy in mice

Schlitt, Jessica M.; Schulz, Laura C.

doi:10.1007/s12020-011-9548-0

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Concomitantly, plasma leptin concentrations did not decline in any of the groups in our study, opposite to previous works in rabbit [37], mouse [51, 59] and sheep [55]. We hypothesize that the absence of differences in our study may be explained by different facts.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Competition for Materno-Fetal Resource Partitioning in a Rabbit Model of Undernourished Pregnancy

et al. 2017

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The major goal of animal production is to obtain abundant and healthy meat for consumers. Maternal food restriction (MFR) is often applied in farms to reduce production costs. However, the suitability of MFR in livestock animals is questionable, as this management may compromise maternal fitness due to a severe negative energetic balance and can induce Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) and prenatal programming in the offspring. Here, we sought to determine, using pregnant rabbits, the consequences of MFR on maternal endocrine and metabolic status and conceptus development. Pregnant dams were distributed into three groups: CONTROL (ad libitum feeding throughout the entire pregnancy; mean pregnancy length being around 31 days), UNDERFED (50% MFR during the entire pregnancy) and EARLY-UNDERFED (50% MFR only during the preimplantation period, Days 0–7). Maternal leptin concentrations and glycemic and lipid profiles were determined throughout pregnancy, whilst conceptus development was assessed ex-vivo at Day 28. Placental parameters were determined by macroscopic and histological evaluations and apoptotic assessments (TUNEL and Caspase-3). The main results of the study showed that, despite MFR altered maternal plasma lipid concentration (P<0.05), there were no effects on maternal bodyweight, plasma leptin concentration or glycemic profile. Fetal crown-rump lengths were reduced in both undernourished groups (P<0.001), but a significant reduction in fetal weight was only observed in the UNDERFED group (P<0.001). Growth in both undernourished groups was asymmetrical, with reduced liver weight (P<0.001) and significantly increased brain: fetal weight-ratio (P<0.001) and brain: liver weight-ratio (P<0.001) when compared to the CONTROL group. A significant reduction in placental weight was only observed in the UNDERFED group (P<0.001), despite both undernourished groups showing higher apoptotic rates at decidua and labyrinth zone (P<0.05) than the CONTROL group. Thus, these groups evidenced signs of placental degeneration, necrosis and stromal collapse. In summary, MFR may encourage the mother to make strategic decisions to safeguard her metabolic status and fitness at the expense of growth reduction in the litter, resulting in enhanced apoptotic and pathological processes at placental level and IUGR.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Competition for Materno-Fetal Resource Partitioning in a Rabbit Model of Undernourished Pregnancy

et al. 2017

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“…In a further study, in mice restricted to 50% of their normal food consumption from day 0.5 to 11.5 of pregnancy, serum leptin concentration declined signifi cantly (Schlitt and Schulz 2012). In sheep, food restriction prevents the increase in serum leptin that occurs during normal pregnancy aft er 12 h of fasting in hyperemesis gravidarum (Bispham et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

The effect of Ramadan fasting on LH, FSH, oestrogen, progesterone and leptin in pregnant women

Khoshdel

Kheiri

Hashemi-Dehkordi

et al. 2014

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

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Many pregnant Muslim women fast during Ramadan. Leptin has an important role in the reproductive system and hormones. In this study, FSH, LH, oestrogen, progesterone and leptin were measured in the first, second and fourth week of Ramadan and the second week post-Ramadan, in 30 fasting pregnant women. Data were analysed using repeated measures ANOVA by SPSS. The weight and BMI did not change during the study. A significant change in FSH, oestrogen, progesterone and leptin was observed (p < 0.05). The lowest value of FSH was in the second week of Ramadan. Progesterone increased at the end of Ramadan and the second week after. Oestrogen increased significantly during Ramadan and decreased after Ramadan. A decreasing trend was seen in LH during the Ramadan and 2 weeks after (p < 0.1). Leptin decreased significantly 2 weeks after Ramadan. We found poor weight gain and hypoleptinaemia in pregnant fasted women during the study. Food restriction in pregnant fasted women during Ramadan may induce poor weight gain during pregnancy. These data confirm that Ramadan fasting by pregnant women may have potential risks during pregnancy. We recommend further study to evaluate long-term effects of Ramadan fasting during pregnancy in different countries with different food habits and traditions, to obtain reliable and documented data.

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“…In addition, moderate physical training (50-70 % VO 2max ) results in negative energy balance and potentiates the thermic eff ects of food in lean subjects and this response may be enhanced in the obese [ 9 ] . In humans, male adolescents showed an enhanced lean muscle mass and prevention of body weight gain in response to aerobic exercise (12 weeks, 65-85 % maximum heart rate) [ 22 ] . In the present study, LP+T animals showed a reduced gain of body weight during the weeks of moderate physical training.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of a Moderate Physical Training on the Leptin Synthesis by Adipose Tissue of Adult Rats Submitted to a Perinatal Low-protein Diet

et al. 2012

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The aim of the study was to verify if moderate physical training affects leptin content in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue of adult rats subjected to a low-protein diet during the perinatal period. Male Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups according to their mother's diet during gestation and lactation: control (17% casein, C, n=12) and low-protein (8% casein, LP, n=12). On postnatal day 60, half of each group was submitted to moderate physical training (8 wks, 5 d · wk - 1, 60 min · d - 1, at 70% of VO2max, T) or not. After the physical training period, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues were removed. Leptin content was evaluated by western blotting. Starting from the fifth week on, T pups showed a reduction in the body weight. Similarly, LP+T offspring showed a lower body weight starting from the sixth week on. Western blotting analysis showed that leptin content in the visceral tissue was higher in the LP rats (p<0.01) and it was reversed in LP+T. No difference was found in the subcutaneous tissue. Moderate physical training attenuated the effects of a perinatal low-protein diet on the leptin content in visceral adipose tissue in adult offspring.

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The source of leptin, but not leptin depletion in response to food restriction, changes during early pregnancy in mice

Cited by 14 publications

References 52 publications

Competition for Materno-Fetal Resource Partitioning in a Rabbit Model of Undernourished Pregnancy

Competition for Materno-Fetal Resource Partitioning in a Rabbit Model of Undernourished Pregnancy

The effect of Ramadan fasting on LH, FSH, oestrogen, progesterone and leptin in pregnant women

Effects of a Moderate Physical Training on the Leptin Synthesis by Adipose Tissue of Adult Rats Submitted to a Perinatal Low-protein Diet

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