The spatial configuration of airline networks in Europe

Burghouwt, Guillaume; Hakfoort, Jacco; Eck, Jan Ritsema van

doi:10.1016/s0969-6997(03)00039-5

Cited by 110 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The concept of ''degree of connectedness '' (CND) precisely reflects this, and has promoted unprecedented advances in system science in the last two decades (Albert and Barabási 2002;Boccaletti et al 2006). For instance, one of the most important findings in system science is that the CND distribution of most real-world complex networks, such as the World Wide Web (WWW) (Huberman and Adamic 1999), airline networks (Burghouwt et al 2003), and phonecall networks (Aiello et al 2000), significantly deviates from a Poisson distribution, but has a power-law tail or a scale-free property (Barabási and Albert 1999). However, in SES, the effects of ''1 ?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Quantitatively Understanding the Complexity of Social-Ecological Systems—From Connection to Consilience

Shi

Wang

et al. 2017

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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The complexity of social-ecological systems (SES) is rooted in the outcomes of node activities connected by network topology. Thus far, in network dynamics research, the connectivity degree (CND), indicating how many nodes are connected to a given node, has been the dominant concept. However, connectivity focuses only on network topology, neglecting the crucial relation to node activities, and thereby leaving system outcomes largely unexplained. Inspired by the phenomenon of ''consensus of wills and coordination of activities'' often observed in disaster risk management, we propose a new concept of network characteristic, the consilience degree (CSD), aiming to measure the way in which network topology and node activities together contribute to system outcomes. The CSD captures the fact that nodes may assume different states that make their activities more or less compatible. Connecting two nodes with in/compatible states will lead to outcomes that are un/desirable from the perspective of the SES in question. We mathematically prove that the CSD is a generalized CND, and the CND is a special case of CSD. As a general, fundamental concept, the CSD can facilitate the development of a new framework of network properties, models, and theories that allows us to understand patterns of network behavior that cannot be explained in terms of connectivity alone. We further demonstrate that a co-evolutionary mechanism can naturally improve the CSD. Given the generality of co-evolution in SES, we argue that the CSD is an inherent attribute rather than an artificial concept, which underpins the fundamental importance of the CSD to the study of SES.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Quantitatively Understanding the Complexity of Social-Ecological Systems—From Connection to Consilience

Shi

Wang

et al. 2017

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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“…However, Burghouwt et al (2003) equally notice that "at a smaller scale, radial strategies can be observed among regional carriers". The advantages of such a radial hub-and-spoke configuration, as compared to a point-to-point configuration (Figure 1), are obvious: for the same number of destinations, there are fewer routes to serve, which in turn yields the possibility of higher flight frequencies and bigger aircrafts (Burghouwt and Hakfoort 2001).…”

Section: Context: the Numerical Study Of Human Infrastructure Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More specifically, agreements between airports and airlines have tended to result in hub-and-spoke configurations in which a small number of key airports (hubs) serve as transfer points where passengers change planes. From these hubs, the spoke flights then take passengers to their final destinations (Burghouwt et al 2003). The process of deregulation also took place in Europe, albeit in a more gradual way.…”

Section: Context: the Numerical Study Of Human Infrastructure Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three packages of deregulation measures (in 1987, 1989 and 1992) have led to a shifting of power from governments towards the European airlines (Button et al 1998, Hakfoort 1999. Because European carriers already showed a very high traffic concentration rate before deregulation, the deregulation process did not result in a restructuring as radical as in the US (Burghouwt et al 2003).…”

Section: Context: the Numerical Study Of Human Infrastructure Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring hierarchical differentiation: connectivity and dominance in the European urban network

Nuffel

Saey

Derudder

et al. 2010

Transportation Planning and Technology

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To refer to or to cite this work, please use the citation to the published version:Van Nuffel, N., Saey, P., Derudder, B., Devriendt, L., Witlox, F. (2010 AbstractThis paper presents an examination of the empirical merits of a set of spatial interaction indices for measuring hierarchical differentiation (i.e. dominance and connectivity) in a spatial network. To allow for the comparison of the degree of hierarchical differentiation in networks with different number of nodes/links, we propose to normalize the ratio between the real measures and the corresponding values for a rank size distribution in order to obtain readily interpretable measures of hierarchical differentiation. When applied to data on 2 air passenger flows within Europe, the normalized indices, interpreted together, appear to give a good idea of the tendency towards hierarchical differentiation.The potential usefulness of this analytical framework is discussed in the context of studies on (transnational) inter-city relations and empirical assessments of changes in the spatial configuration of airline networks.

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“…Several studies have analysed European network structures using similar approaches and assumptions relating to the structure and motivations of European carriers (see for example Brueckner and Pels (2004), Berechman and deWit (1996) and Burghouwt et al (2003) …”

Section: Approaches To Characterising Network Structure and Organisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of airline networks: A North American and European comparison

Reynolds‐Feighan

2010

Journal of Air Transport Management

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The spatial configuration of airline networks in Europe

Cited by 110 publications

References 15 publications

Towards Quantitatively Understanding the Complexity of Social-Ecological Systems—From Connection to Consilience

Towards Quantitatively Understanding the Complexity of Social-Ecological Systems—From Connection to Consilience

Measuring hierarchical differentiation: connectivity and dominance in the European urban network

Characterisation of airline networks: A North American and European comparison

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