The spatial dimensions of neighbourhood: how older people define it

Alidoust, Sara; Bosman, Caryl; Holden, Gordon; Shearer, Heather; Shutter, Leigh

doi:10.1080/13574809.2017.1336057

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The growing literature from different fields of research such as public health, transportation, urban planning, health geography, epidemiology, and environmental psychology has brought along various terms for referring to the arguably similar concepts related to human activities and mobility in space and time. These terms include, but are not limited to, activity space (Schönfelder and Axhausen 2004b), home range (Botte 2015;Hasanzadeh et al 2017), territorial range (Broberg et al 2013), action space (Dijst 1999a), home zone (Hamilton-Baillie 2000), and neighborhood (Vallée et al 2011;Alidoust et al 2017). These terms do not precisely represent the same concept.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A place-based model of local activity spaces: individual place exposure and characteristics

2018

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Researchers for long have hypothesized relationships between mobility, urban context, and health. Despite the ample amount of discussions, the empirical findings corroborating such associations remain to be marginal in the literature. It is growingly believed that the weakness of the observed associations can be largely explained by the common misspecification of the geographical context. Researchers coming from different fields have developed a wide range of methods for estimating the extents of these geographical contexts. In this article, we argue that no single approach yet has sufficiently been capable of capturing the complexity of human mobility patterns. Subsequently, we discuss that reaching a better understanding of individual activity spaces can be possible through a spatially sensitive estimation of place exposure. Following this discussion, we take an integrative person and place-based approach to create an individualized residential exposure model (IREM) to estimate the local activity spaces (LAS) of the individuals. This model is created using data collected through public participation GIS. Following a brief comparison of IREM with other commonly used LAS models, the article continues by presenting an empirical study of aging citizens in Helsinki area to demonstrate the usability of the proposed framework. In this study, we identify the main dimensions of LASs and seek their associations with sociodemographic characteristics of individuals and their location in the region. The promising results from comparisons and the interesting findings from the empirical part suggest both a methodological and conceptual improvement in capturing the complexity of local activity spaces.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A place-based model of local activity spaces: individual place exposure and characteristics

2018

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“…These are powerful models that may involve improvements to public facilities, open spaces, transportation, and general community life. They help build social networks in places, making them similar to age-specific retirement communities (Alidoust et al 2017). While led by experts, they do include the participation of older people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving housing and neighborhoods for the vulnerable: older people, small households, urban design, and planning

Forsyth¹,

Molinsky²,

Kan

2019

Urban Des Int

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The number of older people who need help with daily tasks will increase during the next century. Currently preferences and policies aim to help older people to stay in their existing homes, to age in place, even as they become less able to care for themselves and, increasingly, live alone. However, the majority of homes in the U.S. and many other countries are not designed to support advanced old age or are not located to easily provide support and services. The paper explores the needs of older people experiencing frailty. It examines the existing range of innovations to make neighbourhoods and homes more supportive, physically, socially, and in terms of services. These include: enriching neighbourhoods, providing collective services, building all-age neighbourhoods, creating purpose-built supportive housing, developing smallscale intergenerational models, and engaging mobility, delivery, and communications innovations. Some will allow people to remain in their current dwelling but others focus on people remaining in a local community. Few are widely available at present. Urban designers can more fully engage with the multiple challenges of those who have physical, sensory, and cognitive impairments and living in solo households by becoming champions for a more comprehensive set of public realm improvements and linkages.

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“…This would be achieved by means of strategies to facilitate proactive conduct and make support available in the physical and social environment, by offering activities and services that are focused on fostering personal skills and adaptive behaviours [15]. Additionally, the most successful interventions take place in the ordinary environment where the older population spends its daily life [107]. The implementation of interventions in other spaces may minimise the potential benefits of these programmes.…”

Section: Discussion: Success Of Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Psychosocial Interventions in Age-Friendly Communities and Active Ageing: A Systematic Review

Sánchez-González

Rojo-Pérez

Rodríguez-Rodríguez

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Background: The academic literature contains little information regarding the interventions that create age-friendly cities and communities in order to promote active ageing. Objectives: A systematic review was carried out to determine the available empirical evidence in relation to the characteristics, content and effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving environmental and psychosocial risk factors for older people, from the perspective of age-friendly communities and the promotion of active ageing. Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, the studies retained in this review were identified through a systematic search of the academic literature in selected electronic databases including Web of Science and Scopus. Independent critical appraisal and data extraction were conducted by two reviewers. The checklist was used to assess the quality of the articles. Findings: The search identified 1020 potentially eligible documents, of which 11 satisfied the established criteria. Non-exhaustive practices prevailed over rigorous investigations, with a high proportion of studies observed to be of low methodological quality and at high risk of bias. This reflected the predominance of uncontrolled interventions. Environmental interventions were focused on reducing risk and adapting the everyday environmental setting, while psychosocial interventions prioritised social strategies (behavioural changes, promotion of participation) and training. Interventions were more effective in certain domains of age-friendly cities and communities such as transportation and housing, followed by increased participation as a lifestyle-related behavioural change. The inferred changes were associated with providing information and enhancing skills; modifying access, barriers, exposures, and opportunities; enhancing services and support; continuity and effectiveness of changes over time; and modifying policies based on the bottom-up approach of age-friendly cities and communities (AFCC). Discussion and conclusion: Interventions focused on personal and organisational aspects might have positive effects in the longer term. However, fewer changes would be observed in interventions revolving around changing lifestyles owing to the impact of complex multi-causal factors. The relative effectiveness in terms of health calls into question the design of interventions and the supposed “friendliness” of certain communities. There is a need to encourage sound longitudinal research aimed at providing key knowledge for the implementation and evaluation of public policies, and to encourage age-friendly community programmes to promote active ageing.

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The spatial dimensions of neighbourhood: how older people define it

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

A place-based model of local activity spaces: individual place exposure and characteristics

A place-based model of local activity spaces: individual place exposure and characteristics

Improving housing and neighborhoods for the vulnerable: older people, small households, urban design, and planning

Environmental and Psychosocial Interventions in Age-Friendly Communities and Active Ageing: A Systematic Review

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