The specificity of belief domains in obsessive–compulsive symptom subtypes

Julien, Dominic; O’Connor, Kieron; Aardema, Frederick; Todorov, Christo

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2006.04.019

Cited by 79 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…According to other authors, belief domains may not play a role in some OCD symptom subtypes (Calameri et al,2006;Taylor et al, 2006). Lastly, some studies found an association between the OC domains and cultural features such as superstitiousness and religiosity (Sica, Novara, & Sanavio, 2002 (a) ;Sica, Novara, & Sanavio, 2002 (b) ), a result which raises doubts about the specificity of these cognitive domains for psychopathology (see also Julien et al, 2006 and the review by Julien, O'Connor & Aardema, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

In search of specificity: “Not just right experiences” and obsessive–compulsive symptoms in non-clinical and clinical Italian individuals

Ghisi

Chiri

Marchetti

et al. 2010

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

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The cognitive model of OCD proposes that certain beliefs may contribute to the development and maintenance of this disorder. To date, however, it is not yet clear which beliefs are more relevant for explaining OCD symptomatology; moreover, their causal status is yet to be clearly established. In the effort to identify other constructs and processes related to OCD, the phenomenon labeled "not just right experiences" (NJREs) has received increasing attention. In this study, measures of NJREs (the NJRE-Q-R), OCD symptoms, general distress (i.e., anxiety, and depression), and perfectionism were administered to a large sample of college students and a small sample of OCD and non-OCD patients. The clinical sample completed also a measure of OC beliefs. Results showed that NJREs could be reliably measured through a self-report format in non-clinical and clinical Italian individuals. A specific association between NJREs severity and OCD symptoms was found in the non-clinical sample, after controlling for anxiety, depression and perfectionism. The NJRE-Q-R Severity scale clearly discriminated OCD patients from patients with other anxiety disorders or depression. Lastly, the NJREs measure differentiated the clinical groups when OC beliefs were controlled, whereas OC beliefs did not discriminate among the groups after NJREs severity was controlled. The concept of NJREs may contribute to improve current psychological and biological model of OCD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

In search of specificity: “Not just right experiences” and obsessive–compulsive symptoms in non-clinical and clinical Italian individuals

Ghisi

Chiri

Marchetti

et al. 2010

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

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“…Although individuals with OCD may exhibit both behaviours, usually one type of ritual predominates, permitting individuals to be classified as a washer or checker (Fontenelle, Mendlowicz, & Versiani, 2005;Steketee, Grayson, & Foa, 1985). Presently, there is no one established method to identify OCD symptom subtypes (Julien, O'Connor, Aardema, & Todorov, 2006) and previous studies use clinical interviews and a variety of OCD questionnaire measures with washing/checking subscales. The question of differences between symptoms subtypes and facilitation priming has rarely been investigated, however one study reported that visuospatial priming facilitation was most pronounced in OCD participants who reported a history of violent images, tics, "just right" obsessions, or checking compulsions (Hartston & Swerdlow, 1999).…”

Section: Ocd Subgroupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiology of facilitation priming in obsessive–compulsive and panic disorders

Thomas

Gonsalvez

Johnstone

2016

Clinical Neurophysiology

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Objective: Repeated experience with stimuli often primes faster, more efficient neuronal and behavioural responses. Exaggerated repetition priming effects have previously been reported in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), however little is known of their underlying neurobiology or disorder-specificity, hence we investigated these factors. Methods: We examined event-related potentials (ERPs) and behaviour while participants with OCD, panic disorder and healthy controls (20 per group) performed a Go/NoGo task which manipulated target repetition sequences. Results: Both clinical groups showed stronger reaction time (RT) priming than HCs, which in OCD was greater in a checking, than washing, subgroup. Both clinical groups had similar RT deficits and ERP anomalies across several components, which correlated with psychopathology and RT priming. In OCD alone, N1 latency tended to increase to repeated stimuli, correlated with O-C symptoms, whereas it decreased in other groups. OCD-checkers had smaller target P2 amplitude than all other groups. Conclusions: Enhanced neural priming is not unique to OCD and may contribute to salient sensory-cognitive experiences in anxiety generally. These effects are related to symptom severity and occur to neutral stimuli and in the context of overall RT impairment, suggesting they may be clinically relevant and pervasive. The results indicate overlapping information-processing and neurobiological factors across disorders, with indications of OCD-specific trends and subgroup differences. Significance: This first electrophysiological investigation of OCD priming in OCD to include anxious controls and OCD subgroups allows for differentiation between overlapping and OCD-specific phenomena, to advance neurobiological models of OCD. The authors report no conflicts of interest. Highlights• We conducted the first electrophysiological investigation of repetition priming in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) to include anxious and healthy controls and the first ERP study to consider OCD symptom subgroups.• Repetition priming was exaggerated in both OCD and panic disorder, and related to atypical ERP topography and symptom severity.• P2 amplitude to targets was significantly smaller in a non-washing/checking subgroup of OCD than all other groups. 3 AbstractObjective: Repeated experience with stimuli often primes faster, more efficient neuronal and behavioural responses. Exaggerated repetition priming effects have previously been reported in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), however little is known of their underlying neurobiology or disorder-specificity, hence we investigated these factors. Methods:We examined event-related potentials (ERPs) and behaviour while participants with OCD, panic disorder and healthy controls (20 per group) performed a Go/ NoGo task which manipulated target repetition sequences. Results:Both clinical groups showed stronger reaction time (RT) priming than HCs, which in OCD was greater in a checking, than washing, subgroup. Both clinical groups had similar R...

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“…Tehdit ve tehlikeyle ilişkili herkesin zaman zaman sahip olabileceği istem dışı düşüncelerin, imgelerin veya dürtülerin ve bunların olası sonuçlarının yanlı yorumlanmasının OKB'nin ortaya çıkmasında ve sürdürülmesinde merkezi öneme sahip olduğu belirtilmektedir (Rachman, 1997). İnsanlarda yüzde 80 ile 90 arasındaki bir oranda OKB'dekine benzer şekilde zihni meşgul edici veya istem dışı akla gelen düşüncelerin görüldüğü belirtilmektedir (Clark ve Purdon, 1995;Forrester, Wilson ve Salkovskis, 2002;Julien, O'Connor, Aardema ve Todorov, 2006). Ayrıca hem OKB tanısı alan hem de OKB tanısı almayan kişiler zihni meşgul edici veya istem dışı akla gelen düşüncelerle baş etmek için kompulsiyonları yerine getirme gibi yöntemler kullanabilmektedir (Rassin ve ark., 2001).…”

Section: öZunclassified

Attachment, Obsessive Beliefs and Emotion Dysregulation in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A comparison with Normal and Clinical Sample

Vatan¹

2016

Nesne

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The present study aimed at investigating the differences between nonclinical sample and clinical sample (OCD patients) in attachment, obsessive beliefs and emotion regulation in Turkish sample. For these purposes 224 non clinical participants and 101 clinical OCD participants completed questionnaires related to research variables. Experience in Close Relationship Scale to evaluate attachment, Obsessive Belief Questionnaire to evaluate obsessive beliefs and Difficulties of Emotion Regulation Scale to evaluate emotion regulation abilities were used in this study. A series of t-test for independent samples analyses were done. Findings of the analyses revealed that there was significant differences between two groups in anxiety level of attachment, but not in avoidance level. Also there were significant differences between two groups in all obsessive beliefs subscales such as responsibility and threat perception, perfectionism and need of certainty, the importance of thoughts and control. From emotional regulation perspective there were significant differences in non-acceptance of emotional response, difficulties in engaging goal-directed behavior, impulse control difficulties during emotional distress, limited access to emotional regulation strategies. However there was not significant differences between two groups in clarity about emotions and awareness of emotional arousal. To sum up according to results of this study attachment and obsessive beliefs follow the same pattern with the results in the literature. Moreover the difficulties of emotion regulation abilities thought to improve the knowledge about OCD. Because this part believed not to have enough findings in the OCD literature. The results were discussed in the light of the related literature and dependent recommendations to the area were given.

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The specificity of belief domains in obsessive–compulsive symptom subtypes

Cited by 79 publications

References 31 publications

In search of specificity: “Not just right experiences” and obsessive–compulsive symptoms in non-clinical and clinical Italian individuals

In search of specificity: “Not just right experiences” and obsessive–compulsive symptoms in non-clinical and clinical Italian individuals

Electrophysiology of facilitation priming in obsessive–compulsive and panic disorders

Attachment, Obsessive Beliefs and Emotion Dysregulation in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A comparison with Normal and Clinical Sample

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